diff --git a/scripts/checkpatch.pl b/scripts/checkpatch.pl
index 978cfc9..25fdb7f 100755
--- a/scripts/checkpatch.pl
+++ b/scripts/checkpatch.pl
@@ -23,6 +23,9 @@
 use Getopt::Long qw(:config no_auto_abbrev);
 
 my $quiet = 0;
+my $verbose = 0;
+my %verbose_messages = ();
+my %verbose_emitted = ();
 my $tree = 1;
 my $chk_signoff = 1;
 my $chk_patch = 1;
@@ -43,6 +46,8 @@
 my $fix = 0;
 my $fix_inplace = 0;
 my $root;
+my $gitroot = $ENV{'GIT_DIR'};
+$gitroot = ".git" if !defined($gitroot);
 my %debug;
 my %camelcase = ();
 my %use_type = ();
@@ -58,13 +63,18 @@
 my $spelling_file = "$D/spelling.txt";
 my $codespell = 0;
 my $codespellfile = "/usr/share/codespell/dictionary.txt";
+my $user_codespellfile = "";
 my $conststructsfile = "$D/const_structs.checkpatch";
+my $docsfile = "$D/../Documentation/dev-tools/checkpatch.rst";
 my $typedefsfile;
 my $color = "auto";
 my $allow_c99_comments = 1; # Can be overridden by --ignore C99_COMMENT_TOLERANCE
 # git output parsing needs US English output, so first set backtick child process LANGUAGE
 my $git_command ='export LANGUAGE=en_US.UTF-8; git';
 my $tabsize = 8;
+my ${CONFIG_} = "CONFIG_";
+
+my %maybe_linker_symbol; # for externs in c exceptions, when seen in *vmlinux.lds.h
 
 sub help {
 	my ($exitcode) = @_;
@@ -75,6 +85,7 @@
 
 Options:
   -q, --quiet                quiet
+  -v, --verbose              verbose mode
   --no-tree                  run without a kernel tree
   --no-signoff               do not check for 'Signed-off-by' line
   --patch                    treat FILE as patchfile (default)
@@ -122,11 +133,13 @@
   --ignore-perl-version      override checking of perl version.  expect
                              runtime errors.
   --codespell                Use the codespell dictionary for spelling/typos
-                             (default:/usr/share/codespell/dictionary.txt)
+                             (default:$codespellfile)
   --codespellfile            Use this codespell dictionary
   --typedefsfile             Read additional types from this file
   --color[=WHEN]             Use colors 'always', 'never', or only when output
                              is a terminal ('auto'). Default is 'auto'.
+  --kconfig-prefix=WORD      use WORD as a prefix for Kconfig symbols (default
+                             ${CONFIG_})
   -h, --help, --version      display this help and exit
 
 When FILE is - read standard input.
@@ -153,15 +166,51 @@
 	my $text = <$script>;
 	close($script);
 
-	my @types = ();
+	my %types = ();
 	# Also catch when type or level is passed through a variable
-	for ($text =~ /(?:(?:\bCHK|\bWARN|\bERROR|&\{\$msg_level})\s*\(|\$msg_type\s*=)\s*"([^"]+)"/g) {
-		push (@types, $_);
+	while ($text =~ /(?:(\bCHK|\bWARN|\bERROR|&\{\$msg_level})\s*\(|\$msg_type\s*=)\s*"([^"]+)"/g) {
+		if (defined($1)) {
+			if (exists($types{$2})) {
+				$types{$2} .= ",$1" if ($types{$2} ne $1);
+			} else {
+				$types{$2} = $1;
+			}
+		} else {
+			$types{$2} = "UNDETERMINED";
+		}
 	}
-	@types = sort(uniq(@types));
+
 	print("#\tMessage type\n\n");
-	foreach my $type (@types) {
+	if ($color) {
+		print(" ( Color coding: ");
+		print(RED . "ERROR" . RESET);
+		print(" | ");
+		print(YELLOW . "WARNING" . RESET);
+		print(" | ");
+		print(GREEN . "CHECK" . RESET);
+		print(" | ");
+		print("Multiple levels / Undetermined");
+		print(" )\n\n");
+	}
+
+	foreach my $type (sort keys %types) {
+		my $orig_type = $type;
+		if ($color) {
+			my $level = $types{$type};
+			if ($level eq "ERROR") {
+				$type = RED . $type . RESET;
+			} elsif ($level eq "WARN") {
+				$type = YELLOW . $type . RESET;
+			} elsif ($level eq "CHK") {
+				$type = GREEN . $type . RESET;
+			}
+		}
 		print(++$count . "\t" . $type . "\n");
+		if ($verbose && exists($verbose_messages{$orig_type})) {
+			my $message = $verbose_messages{$orig_type};
+			$message =~ s/\n/\n\t/g;
+			print("\t" . $message . "\n\n");
+		}
 	}
 
 	exit($exitcode);
@@ -193,6 +242,46 @@
 	unshift(@ARGV, @conf_args) if @conf_args;
 }
 
+sub load_docs {
+	open(my $docs, '<', "$docsfile")
+	    or warn "$P: Can't read the documentation file $docsfile $!\n";
+
+	my $type = '';
+	my $desc = '';
+	my $in_desc = 0;
+
+	while (<$docs>) {
+		chomp;
+		my $line = $_;
+		$line =~ s/\s+$//;
+
+		if ($line =~ /^\s*\*\*(.+)\*\*$/) {
+			if ($desc ne '') {
+				$verbose_messages{$type} = trim($desc);
+			}
+			$type = $1;
+			$desc = '';
+			$in_desc = 1;
+		} elsif ($in_desc) {
+			if ($line =~ /^(?:\s{4,}|$)/) {
+				$line =~ s/^\s{4}//;
+				$desc .= $line;
+				$desc .= "\n";
+			} else {
+				$verbose_messages{$type} = trim($desc);
+				$type = '';
+				$desc = '';
+				$in_desc = 0;
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	if ($desc ne '') {
+		$verbose_messages{$type} = trim($desc);
+	}
+	close($docs);
+}
+
 # Perl's Getopt::Long allows options to take optional arguments after a space.
 # Prevent --color by itself from consuming other arguments
 foreach (@ARGV) {
@@ -203,6 +292,7 @@
 
 GetOptions(
 	'q|quiet+'	=> \$quiet,
+	'v|verbose!'	=> \$verbose,
 	'tree!'		=> \$tree,
 	'signoff!'	=> \$chk_signoff,
 	'patch!'	=> \$chk_patch,
@@ -230,24 +320,62 @@
 	'debug=s'	=> \%debug,
 	'test-only=s'	=> \$tst_only,
 	'codespell!'	=> \$codespell,
-	'codespellfile=s'	=> \$codespellfile,
+	'codespellfile=s'	=> \$user_codespellfile,
 	'typedefsfile=s'	=> \$typedefsfile,
 	'color=s'	=> \$color,
 	'no-color'	=> \$color,	#keep old behaviors of -nocolor
 	'nocolor'	=> \$color,	#keep old behaviors of -nocolor
+	'kconfig-prefix=s'	=> \${CONFIG_},
 	'h|help'	=> \$help,
 	'version'	=> \$help
-) or help(1);
+) or $help = 2;
 
-help(0) if ($help);
+if ($user_codespellfile) {
+	# Use the user provided codespell file unconditionally
+	$codespellfile = $user_codespellfile;
+} elsif (!(-f $codespellfile)) {
+	# If /usr/share/codespell/dictionary.txt is not present, try to find it
+	# under codespell's install directory: <codespell_root>/data/dictionary.txt
+	if (($codespell || $help) && which("python3") ne "") {
+		my $python_codespell_dict = << "EOF";
 
+import os.path as op
+import codespell_lib
+codespell_dir = op.dirname(codespell_lib.__file__)
+codespell_file = op.join(codespell_dir, 'data', 'dictionary.txt')
+print(codespell_file, end='')
+EOF
+
+		my $codespell_dict = `python3 -c "$python_codespell_dict" 2> /dev/null`;
+		$codespellfile = $codespell_dict if (-f $codespell_dict);
+	}
+}
+
+# $help is 1 if either -h, --help or --version is passed as option - exitcode: 0
+# $help is 2 if invalid option is passed - exitcode: 1
+help($help - 1) if ($help);
+
+die "$P: --git cannot be used with --file or --fix\n" if ($git && ($file || $fix));
+die "$P: --verbose cannot be used with --terse\n" if ($verbose && $terse);
+
+if ($color =~ /^[01]$/) {
+	$color = !$color;
+} elsif ($color =~ /^always$/i) {
+	$color = 1;
+} elsif ($color =~ /^never$/i) {
+	$color = 0;
+} elsif ($color =~ /^auto$/i) {
+	$color = (-t STDOUT);
+} else {
+	die "$P: Invalid color mode: $color\n";
+}
+
+load_docs() if ($verbose);
 list_types(0) if ($list_types);
 
 $fix = 1 if ($fix_inplace);
 $check_orig = $check;
 
-die "$P: --git cannot be used with --file or --fix\n" if ($git && ($file || $fix));
-
 my $exit = 0;
 
 my $perl_version_ok = 1;
@@ -262,18 +390,6 @@
 	push(@ARGV, '-');
 }
 
-if ($color =~ /^[01]$/) {
-	$color = !$color;
-} elsif ($color =~ /^always$/i) {
-	$color = 1;
-} elsif ($color =~ /^never$/i) {
-	$color = 0;
-} elsif ($color =~ /^auto$/i) {
-	$color = (-t STDOUT);
-} else {
-	die "$P: Invalid color mode: $color\n";
-}
-
 # skip TAB size 1 to avoid additional checks on $tabsize - 1
 die "$P: Invalid TAB size: $tabsize\n" if ($tabsize < 2);
 
@@ -376,6 +492,7 @@
 # We need \b after 'init' otherwise 'initconst' will cause a false positive in a check
 our $Attribute	= qr{
 			const|
+			volatile|
 			__percpu|
 			__nocast|
 			__safe|
@@ -398,7 +515,8 @@
 			____cacheline_aligned|
 			____cacheline_aligned_in_smp|
 			____cacheline_internodealigned_in_smp|
-			__weak
+			__weak|
+			__alloc_size\s*\(\s*\d+\s*(?:,\s*\d+\s*)?\)
 		  }x;
 our $Modifier;
 our $Inline	= qr{inline|__always_inline|noinline|__inline|__inline__};
@@ -410,7 +528,7 @@
 our $Hex	= qr{(?i)0x[0-9a-f]+$Int_type?};
 our $Int	= qr{[0-9]+$Int_type?};
 our $Octal	= qr{0[0-7]+$Int_type?};
-our $String	= qr{"[X\t]*"};
+our $String	= qr{(?:\b[Lu])?"[X\t]*"};
 our $Float_hex	= qr{(?i)0x[0-9a-f]+p-?[0-9]+[fl]?};
 our $Float_dec	= qr{(?i)(?:[0-9]+\.[0-9]*|[0-9]*\.[0-9]+)(?:e-?[0-9]+)?[fl]?};
 our $Float_int	= qr{(?i)[0-9]+e-?[0-9]+[fl]?};
@@ -460,10 +578,14 @@
 	(?:__)?(?:u|s|be|le)(?:8|16|32|64)|
 	atomic_t
 )};
+our $typeStdioTypedefs = qr{(?x:
+	FILE
+)};
 our $typeTypedefs = qr{(?x:
 	$typeC99Typedefs\b|
 	$typeOtherOSTypedefs\b|
-	$typeKernelTypedefs\b
+	$typeKernelTypedefs\b|
+	$typeStdioTypedefs\b
 )};
 
 our $zero_initializer = qr{(?:(?:0[xX])?0+$Int_type?|NULL|false)\b};
@@ -480,7 +602,7 @@
 
 our $allocFunctions = qr{(?x:
 	(?:(?:devm_)?
-		(?:kv|k|v)[czm]alloc(?:_node|_array)? |
+		(?:kv|k|v)[czm]alloc(?:_array)?(?:_node)? |
 		kstrdup(?:_const)? |
 		kmemdup(?:_nul)?) |
 	(?:\w+)?alloc_skb(?:_ip_align)? |
@@ -500,6 +622,115 @@
 	Cc:
 )};
 
+our @link_tags = qw(Link Closes);
+
+#Create a search and print patterns for all these strings to be used directly below
+our $link_tags_search = "";
+our $link_tags_print = "";
+foreach my $entry (@link_tags) {
+	if ($link_tags_search ne "") {
+		$link_tags_search .= '|';
+		$link_tags_print .= ' or ';
+	}
+	$entry .= ':';
+	$link_tags_search .= $entry;
+	$link_tags_print .= "'$entry'";
+}
+$link_tags_search = "(?:${link_tags_search})";
+
+our $tracing_logging_tags = qr{(?xi:
+	[=-]*> |
+	<[=-]* |
+	\[ |
+	\] |
+	start |
+	called |
+	entered |
+	entry |
+	enter |
+	in |
+	inside |
+	here |
+	begin |
+	exit |
+	end |
+	done |
+	leave |
+	completed |
+	out |
+	return |
+	[\.\!:\s]*
+)};
+
+sub edit_distance_min {
+	my (@arr) = @_;
+	my $len = scalar @arr;
+	if ((scalar @arr) < 1) {
+		# if underflow, return
+		return;
+	}
+	my $min = $arr[0];
+	for my $i (0 .. ($len-1)) {
+		if ($arr[$i] < $min) {
+			$min = $arr[$i];
+		}
+	}
+	return $min;
+}
+
+sub get_edit_distance {
+	my ($str1, $str2) = @_;
+	$str1 = lc($str1);
+	$str2 = lc($str2);
+	$str1 =~ s/-//g;
+	$str2 =~ s/-//g;
+	my $len1 = length($str1);
+	my $len2 = length($str2);
+	# two dimensional array storing minimum edit distance
+	my @distance;
+	for my $i (0 .. $len1) {
+		for my $j (0 .. $len2) {
+			if ($i == 0) {
+				$distance[$i][$j] = $j;
+			} elsif ($j == 0) {
+				$distance[$i][$j] = $i;
+			} elsif (substr($str1, $i-1, 1) eq substr($str2, $j-1, 1)) {
+				$distance[$i][$j] = $distance[$i - 1][$j - 1];
+			} else {
+				my $dist1 = $distance[$i][$j - 1]; #insert distance
+				my $dist2 = $distance[$i - 1][$j]; # remove
+				my $dist3 = $distance[$i - 1][$j - 1]; #replace
+				$distance[$i][$j] = 1 + edit_distance_min($dist1, $dist2, $dist3);
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	return $distance[$len1][$len2];
+}
+
+sub find_standard_signature {
+	my ($sign_off) = @_;
+	my @standard_signature_tags = (
+		'Signed-off-by:', 'Co-developed-by:', 'Acked-by:', 'Tested-by:',
+		'Reviewed-by:', 'Reported-by:', 'Suggested-by:'
+	);
+	foreach my $signature (@standard_signature_tags) {
+		return $signature if (get_edit_distance($sign_off, $signature) <= 2);
+	}
+
+	return "";
+}
+
+our $obsolete_archives = qr{(?xi:
+	\Qfreedesktop.org/archives/dri-devel\E |
+	\Qlists.infradead.org\E |
+	\Qlkml.org\E |
+	\Qmail-archive.com\E |
+	\Qmailman.alsa-project.org/pipermail\E |
+	\Qmarc.info\E |
+	\Qozlabs.org/pipermail\E |
+	\Qspinics.net\E
+)};
+
 our @typeListMisordered = (
 	qr{char\s+(?:un)?signed},
 	qr{int\s+(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?short\s},
@@ -609,6 +840,10 @@
 	"rcu_barrier_sched"			=> "rcu_barrier",
 	"get_state_synchronize_sched"		=> "get_state_synchronize_rcu",
 	"cond_synchronize_sched"		=> "cond_synchronize_rcu",
+	"kmap"					=> "kmap_local_page",
+	"kunmap"				=> "kunmap_local",
+	"kmap_atomic"				=> "kmap_local_page",
+	"kunmap_atomic"				=> "kunmap_local",
 );
 
 #Create a search pattern for all these strings to speed up a loop below
@@ -844,9 +1079,17 @@
 our $declaration_macros = qr{(?x:
 	(?:$Storage\s+)?(?:[A-Z_][A-Z0-9]*_){0,2}(?:DEFINE|DECLARE)(?:_[A-Z0-9]+){1,6}\s*\(|
 	(?:$Storage\s+)?[HLP]?LIST_HEAD\s*\(|
-	(?:SKCIPHER_REQUEST|SHASH_DESC|AHASH_REQUEST)_ON_STACK\s*\(
+	(?:SKCIPHER_REQUEST|SHASH_DESC|AHASH_REQUEST)_ON_STACK\s*\(|
+	(?:$Storage\s+)?(?:XA_STATE|XA_STATE_ORDER)\s*\(
 )};
 
+our %allow_repeated_words = (
+	add => '',
+	added => '',
+	bad => '',
+	be => '',
+);
+
 sub deparenthesize {
 	my ($string) = @_;
 	return "" if (!defined($string));
@@ -904,10 +1147,10 @@
 sub is_SPDX_License_valid {
 	my ($license) = @_;
 
-	return 1 if (!$tree || which("python") eq "" || !(-e "$root/scripts/spdxcheck.py") || !(-e "$root/.git"));
+	return 1 if (!$tree || which("python3") eq "" || !(-x "$root/scripts/spdxcheck.py") || !(-e "$gitroot"));
 
 	my $root_path = abs_path($root);
-	my $status = `cd "$root_path"; echo "$license" | python scripts/spdxcheck.py -`;
+	my $status = `cd "$root_path"; echo "$license" | scripts/spdxcheck.py -`;
 	return 0 if ($status ne "");
 	return 1;
 }
@@ -922,7 +1165,7 @@
 
 	$camelcase_seeded = 1;
 
-	if (-e ".git") {
+	if (-e "$gitroot") {
 		my $git_last_include_commit = `${git_command} log --no-merges --pretty=format:"%h%n" -1 -- include`;
 		chomp $git_last_include_commit;
 		$camelcase_cache = ".checkpatch-camelcase.git.$git_last_include_commit";
@@ -950,7 +1193,7 @@
 		return;
 	}
 
-	if (-e ".git") {
+	if (-e "$gitroot") {
 		$files = `${git_command} ls-files "include/*.h"`;
 		@include_files = split('\n', $files);
 	}
@@ -970,10 +1213,20 @@
 	}
 }
 
+sub git_is_single_file {
+	my ($filename) = @_;
+
+	return 0 if ((which("git") eq "") || !(-e "$gitroot"));
+
+	my $output = `${git_command} ls-files -- $filename 2>/dev/null`;
+	my $count = $output =~ tr/\n//;
+	return $count eq 1 && $output =~ m{^${filename}$};
+}
+
 sub git_commit_info {
 	my ($commit, $id, $desc) = @_;
 
-	return ($id, $desc) if ((which("git") eq "") || !(-e ".git"));
+	return ($id, $desc) if ((which("git") eq "") || !(-e "$gitroot"));
 
 	my $output = `${git_command} log --no-color --format='%H %s' -1 $commit 2>&1`;
 	$output =~ s/^\s*//gm;
@@ -991,7 +1244,8 @@
 #		    git log --format='%H %s' -1 $line |
 #		    echo "commit $(cut -c 1-12,41-)"
 #		done
-	} elsif ($lines[0] =~ /^fatal: ambiguous argument '$commit': unknown revision or path not in the working tree\./) {
+	} elsif ($lines[0] =~ /^fatal: ambiguous argument '$commit': unknown revision or path not in the working tree\./ ||
+		 $lines[0] =~ /^fatal: bad object $commit/) {
 		$id = undef;
 	} else {
 		$id = substr($lines[0], 0, 12);
@@ -1012,7 +1266,7 @@
 
 # If input is git commits, extract all commits from the commit expressions.
 # For example, HEAD-3 means we need check 'HEAD, HEAD~1, HEAD~2'.
-die "$P: No git repository found\n" if ($git && !-e ".git");
+die "$P: No git repository found\n" if ($git && !-e "$gitroot");
 
 if ($git) {
 	my @commits = ();
@@ -1043,6 +1297,9 @@
 $allow_c99_comments = !defined $ignore_type{"C99_COMMENT_TOLERANCE"};
 for my $filename (@ARGV) {
 	my $FILE;
+	my $is_git_file = git_is_single_file($filename);
+	my $oldfile = $file;
+	$file = 1 if ($is_git_file);
 	if ($git) {
 		open($FILE, '-|', "git format-patch -M --stdout -1 $filename") ||
 			die "$P: $filename: git format-patch failed - $!\n";
@@ -1087,6 +1344,7 @@
 	@modifierListFile = ();
 	@typeListFile = ();
 	build_types();
+	$file = $oldfile if ($is_git_file);
 }
 
 if (!$quiet) {
@@ -1132,6 +1390,7 @@
 	my ($formatted_email) = @_;
 
 	my $name = "";
+	my $quoted = "";
 	my $name_comment = "";
 	my $address = "";
 	my $comment = "";
@@ -1163,14 +1422,20 @@
 		}
 	}
 
-	$name = trim($name);
-	$name =~ s/^\"|\"$//g;
-	$name =~ s/(\s*\([^\)]+\))\s*//;
-	if (defined($1)) {
-		$name_comment = trim($1);
+	# Extract comments from names excluding quoted parts
+	# "John D. (Doe)" - Do not extract
+	if ($name =~ s/\"(.+)\"//) {
+		$quoted = $1;
 	}
+	while ($name =~ s/\s*($balanced_parens)\s*/ /) {
+		$name_comment .= trim($1);
+	}
+	$name =~ s/^[ \"]+|[ \"]+$//g;
+	$name = trim("$quoted $name");
+
 	$address = trim($address);
 	$address =~ s/^\<|\>$//g;
+	$comment = trim($comment);
 
 	if ($name =~ /[^\w \-]/i) { ##has "must quote" chars
 		$name =~ s/(?<!\\)"/\\"/g; ##escape quotes
@@ -1181,25 +1446,30 @@
 }
 
 sub format_email {
-	my ($name, $address) = @_;
+	my ($name, $name_comment, $address, $comment) = @_;
 
 	my $formatted_email;
 
-	$name = trim($name);
-	$name =~ s/^\"|\"$//g;
+	$name =~ s/^[ \"]+|[ \"]+$//g;
 	$address = trim($address);
+	$address =~ s/(?:\.|\,|\")+$//; ##trailing commas, dots or quotes
 
 	if ($name =~ /[^\w \-]/i) { ##has "must quote" chars
 		$name =~ s/(?<!\\)"/\\"/g; ##escape quotes
 		$name = "\"$name\"";
 	}
 
+	$name_comment = trim($name_comment);
+	$name_comment = " $name_comment" if ($name_comment ne "");
+	$comment = trim($comment);
+	$comment = " $comment" if ($comment ne "");
+
 	if ("$name" eq "") {
 		$formatted_email = "$address";
 	} else {
-		$formatted_email = "$name <$address>";
+		$formatted_email = "$name$name_comment <$address>";
 	}
-
+	$formatted_email .= "$comment";
 	return $formatted_email;
 }
 
@@ -1207,7 +1477,7 @@
 	my ($email) = @_;
 
 	my ($email_name, $name_comment, $email_address, $comment) = parse_email($email);
-	return format_email($email_name, $email_address);
+	return format_email($email_name, $name_comment, $email_address, $comment);
 }
 
 sub same_email_addresses {
@@ -1217,7 +1487,9 @@
 	my ($email2_name, $name2_comment, $email2_address, $comment2) = parse_email($email2);
 
 	return $email1_name eq $email2_name &&
-	       $email1_address eq $email2_address;
+	       $email1_address eq $email2_address &&
+	       $name1_comment eq $name2_comment &&
+	       $comment1 eq $comment2;
 }
 
 sub which {
@@ -2085,7 +2357,16 @@
 		splice(@lines, 1, 1);
 		$output = join("\n", @lines);
 	}
-	$output = (split('\n', $output))[0] . "\n" if ($terse);
+
+	if ($terse) {
+		$output = (split('\n', $output))[0] . "\n";
+	}
+
+	if ($verbose && exists($verbose_messages{$type}) &&
+	    !exists($verbose_emitted{$type})) {
+		$output .= $verbose_messages{$type} . "\n\n";
+		$verbose_emitted{$type} = 1;
+	}
 
 	push(our @report, $output);
 
@@ -2329,6 +2610,15 @@
 	return $comment;
 }
 
+sub exclude_global_initialisers {
+	my ($realfile) = @_;
+
+	# Do not check for BPF programs (tools/testing/selftests/bpf/progs/*.c, samples/bpf/*_kern.c, *.bpf.c).
+	return $realfile =~ m@^tools/testing/selftests/bpf/progs/.*\.c$@ ||
+		$realfile =~ m@^samples/bpf/.*_kern\.c$@ ||
+		$realfile =~ m@/bpf/.*\.bpf\.c$@;
+}
+
 sub process {
 	my $filename = shift;
 
@@ -2347,6 +2637,7 @@
 	my $signoff = 0;
 	my $author = '';
 	my $authorsignoff = 0;
+	my $author_sob = '';
 	my $is_patch = 0;
 	my $is_binding_patch = -1;
 	my $in_header_lines = $file ? 0 : 1;
@@ -2360,6 +2651,8 @@
 	my $reported_maintainer_file = 0;
 	my $non_utf8_charset = 0;
 
+	my $last_git_commit_id_linenr = -1;
+
 	my $last_blank_line = 0;
 	my $last_coalesced_string_linenr = -1;
 
@@ -2661,6 +2954,10 @@
 # Check the patch for a From:
 		if (decode("MIME-Header", $line) =~ /^From:\s*(.*)/) {
 			$author = $1;
+			my $curline = $linenr;
+			while(defined($rawlines[$curline]) && ($rawlines[$curline++] =~ /^[ \t]\s*(.*)/)) {
+				$author .= $1;
+			}
 			$author = encode("utf8", $author) if ($line =~ /=\?utf-8\?/i);
 			$author =~ s/"//g;
 			$author = reformat_email($author);
@@ -2670,9 +2967,37 @@
 		if ($line =~ /^\s*signed-off-by:\s*(.*)/i) {
 			$signoff++;
 			$in_commit_log = 0;
-			if ($author ne '') {
+			if ($author ne ''  && $authorsignoff != 1) {
 				if (same_email_addresses($1, $author)) {
 					$authorsignoff = 1;
+				} else {
+					my $ctx = $1;
+					my ($email_name, $email_comment, $email_address, $comment1) = parse_email($ctx);
+					my ($author_name, $author_comment, $author_address, $comment2) = parse_email($author);
+
+					if (lc $email_address eq lc $author_address && $email_name eq $author_name) {
+						$author_sob = $ctx;
+						$authorsignoff = 2;
+					} elsif (lc $email_address eq lc $author_address) {
+						$author_sob = $ctx;
+						$authorsignoff = 3;
+					} elsif ($email_name eq $author_name) {
+						$author_sob = $ctx;
+						$authorsignoff = 4;
+
+						my $address1 = $email_address;
+						my $address2 = $author_address;
+
+						if ($address1 =~ /(\S+)\+\S+(\@.*)/) {
+							$address1 = "$1$2";
+						}
+						if ($address2 =~ /(\S+)\+\S+(\@.*)/) {
+							$address2 = "$1$2";
+						}
+						if ($address1 eq $address2) {
+							$authorsignoff = 5;
+						}
+					}
 				}
 			}
 		}
@@ -2699,8 +3024,17 @@
 			my $ucfirst_sign_off = ucfirst(lc($sign_off));
 
 			if ($sign_off !~ /$signature_tags/) {
-				WARN("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
-				     "Non-standard signature: $sign_off\n" . $herecurr);
+				my $suggested_signature = find_standard_signature($sign_off);
+				if ($suggested_signature eq "") {
+					WARN("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
+					     "Non-standard signature: $sign_off\n" . $herecurr);
+				} else {
+					if (WARN("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
+						 "Non-standard signature: '$sign_off' - perhaps '$suggested_signature'?\n" . $herecurr) &&
+					    $fix) {
+						$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/$sign_off/$suggested_signature/;
+					}
+				}
 			}
 			if (defined $space_before && $space_before ne "") {
 				if (WARN("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
@@ -2729,7 +3063,7 @@
 			}
 
 			my ($email_name, $name_comment, $email_address, $comment) = parse_email($email);
-			my $suggested_email = format_email(($email_name, $email_address));
+			my $suggested_email = format_email(($email_name, $name_comment, $email_address, $comment));
 			if ($suggested_email eq "") {
 				ERROR("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
 				      "Unrecognized email address: '$email'\n" . $herecurr);
@@ -2740,8 +3074,76 @@
 				# Don't force email to have quotes
 				# Allow just an angle bracketed address
 				if (!same_email_addresses($email, $suggested_email)) {
+					if (WARN("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
+						 "email address '$email' might be better as '$suggested_email'\n" . $herecurr) &&
+					    $fix) {
+						$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\Q$email\E/$suggested_email/;
+					}
+				}
+
+				# Address part shouldn't have comments
+				my $stripped_address = $email_address;
+				$stripped_address =~ s/\([^\(\)]*\)//g;
+				if ($email_address ne $stripped_address) {
+					if (WARN("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
+						 "address part of email should not have comments: '$email_address'\n" . $herecurr) &&
+					    $fix) {
+						$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\Q$email_address\E/$stripped_address/;
+					}
+				}
+
+				# Only one name comment should be allowed
+				my $comment_count = () = $name_comment =~ /\([^\)]+\)/g;
+				if ($comment_count > 1) {
 					WARN("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
-					     "email address '$email' might be better as '$suggested_email$comment'\n" . $herecurr);
+					     "Use a single name comment in email: '$email'\n" . $herecurr);
+				}
+
+
+				# stable@vger.kernel.org or stable@kernel.org shouldn't
+				# have an email name. In addition comments should strictly
+				# begin with a #
+				if ($email =~ /^.*stable\@(?:vger\.)?kernel\.org/i) {
+					if (($comment ne "" && $comment !~ /^#.+/) ||
+					    ($email_name ne "")) {
+						my $cur_name = $email_name;
+						my $new_comment = $comment;
+						$cur_name =~ s/[a-zA-Z\s\-\"]+//g;
+
+						# Remove brackets enclosing comment text
+						# and # from start of comments to get comment text
+						$new_comment =~ s/^\((.*)\)$/$1/;
+						$new_comment =~ s/^\[(.*)\]$/$1/;
+						$new_comment =~ s/^[\s\#]+|\s+$//g;
+
+						$new_comment = trim("$new_comment $cur_name") if ($cur_name ne $new_comment);
+						$new_comment = " # $new_comment" if ($new_comment ne "");
+						my $new_email = "$email_address$new_comment";
+
+						if (WARN("BAD_STABLE_ADDRESS_STYLE",
+							 "Invalid email format for stable: '$email', prefer '$new_email'\n" . $herecurr) &&
+						    $fix) {
+							$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\Q$email\E/$new_email/;
+						}
+					}
+				} elsif ($comment ne "" && $comment !~ /^(?:#.+|\(.+\))$/) {
+					my $new_comment = $comment;
+
+					# Extract comment text from within brackets or
+					# c89 style /*...*/ comments
+					$new_comment =~ s/^\[(.*)\]$/$1/;
+					$new_comment =~ s/^\/\*(.*)\*\/$/$1/;
+
+					$new_comment = trim($new_comment);
+					$new_comment =~ s/^[^\w]$//; # Single lettered comment with non word character is usually a typo
+					$new_comment = "($new_comment)" if ($new_comment ne "");
+					my $new_email = format_email($email_name, $name_comment, $email_address, $new_comment);
+
+					if (WARN("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
+						 "Unexpected content after email: '$email', should be: '$new_email'\n" . $herecurr) &&
+					    $fix) {
+						$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\Q$email\E/$new_email/;
+					}
 				}
 			}
 
@@ -2760,17 +3162,73 @@
 			if ($sign_off =~ /^co-developed-by:$/i) {
 				if ($email eq $author) {
 					WARN("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
-					      "Co-developed-by: should not be used to attribute nominal patch author '$author'\n" . "$here\n" . $rawline);
+					      "Co-developed-by: should not be used to attribute nominal patch author '$author'\n" . $herecurr);
 				}
 				if (!defined $lines[$linenr]) {
 					WARN("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
-                                             "Co-developed-by: must be immediately followed by Signed-off-by:\n" . "$here\n" . $rawline);
-				} elsif ($rawlines[$linenr] !~ /^\s*signed-off-by:\s*(.*)/i) {
+					     "Co-developed-by: must be immediately followed by Signed-off-by:\n" . $herecurr);
+				} elsif ($rawlines[$linenr] !~ /^signed-off-by:\s*(.*)/i) {
 					WARN("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
-					     "Co-developed-by: must be immediately followed by Signed-off-by:\n" . "$here\n" . $rawline . "\n" .$rawlines[$linenr]);
+					     "Co-developed-by: must be immediately followed by Signed-off-by:\n" . $herecurr . $rawlines[$linenr] . "\n");
 				} elsif ($1 ne $email) {
 					WARN("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
-					     "Co-developed-by and Signed-off-by: name/email do not match \n" . "$here\n" . $rawline . "\n" .$rawlines[$linenr]);
+					     "Co-developed-by and Signed-off-by: name/email do not match\n" . $herecurr . $rawlines[$linenr] . "\n");
+				}
+			}
+
+# check if Reported-by: is followed by a Closes: tag
+			if ($sign_off =~ /^reported(?:|-and-tested)-by:$/i) {
+				if (!defined $lines[$linenr]) {
+					WARN("BAD_REPORTED_BY_LINK",
+					     "Reported-by: should be immediately followed by Closes: with a URL to the report\n" . $herecurr . "\n");
+				} elsif ($rawlines[$linenr] !~ /^closes:\s*/i) {
+					WARN("BAD_REPORTED_BY_LINK",
+					     "Reported-by: should be immediately followed by Closes: with a URL to the report\n" . $herecurr . $rawlines[$linenr] . "\n");
+				}
+			}
+		}
+
+
+# Check Fixes: styles is correct
+		if (!$in_header_lines &&
+		    $line =~ /^\s*fixes:?\s*(?:commit\s*)?[0-9a-f]{5,}\b/i) {
+			my $orig_commit = "";
+			my $id = "0123456789ab";
+			my $title = "commit title";
+			my $tag_case = 1;
+			my $tag_space = 1;
+			my $id_length = 1;
+			my $id_case = 1;
+			my $title_has_quotes = 0;
+
+			if ($line =~ /(\s*fixes:?)\s+([0-9a-f]{5,})\s+($balanced_parens)/i) {
+				my $tag = $1;
+				$orig_commit = $2;
+				$title = $3;
+
+				$tag_case = 0 if $tag eq "Fixes:";
+				$tag_space = 0 if ($line =~ /^fixes:? [0-9a-f]{5,} ($balanced_parens)/i);
+
+				$id_length = 0 if ($orig_commit =~ /^[0-9a-f]{12}$/i);
+				$id_case = 0 if ($orig_commit !~ /[A-F]/);
+
+				# Always strip leading/trailing parens then double quotes if existing
+				$title = substr($title, 1, -1);
+				if ($title =~ /^".*"$/) {
+					$title = substr($title, 1, -1);
+					$title_has_quotes = 1;
+				}
+			}
+
+			my ($cid, $ctitle) = git_commit_info($orig_commit, $id,
+							     $title);
+
+			if ($ctitle ne $title || $tag_case || $tag_space ||
+			    $id_length || $id_case || !$title_has_quotes) {
+				if (WARN("BAD_FIXES_TAG",
+				     "Please use correct Fixes: style 'Fixes: <12 chars of sha1> (\"<title line>\")' - ie: 'Fixes: $cid (\"$ctitle\")'\n" . $herecurr) &&
+				    $fix) {
+					$fixed[$fixlinenr] = "Fixes: $cid (\"$ctitle\")";
 				}
 			}
 		}
@@ -2784,8 +3242,11 @@
 
 # Check for Gerrit Change-Ids not in any patch context
 		if ($realfile eq '' && !$has_patch_separator && $line =~ /^\s*change-id:/i) {
-			ERROR("GERRIT_CHANGE_ID",
-			      "Remove Gerrit Change-Id's before submitting upstream\n" . $herecurr);
+			if (ERROR("GERRIT_CHANGE_ID",
+			          "Remove Gerrit Change-Id's before submitting upstream\n" . $herecurr) &&
+			    $fix) {
+				fix_delete_line($fixlinenr, $rawline);
+			}
 		}
 
 # Check if the commit log is in a possible stack dump
@@ -2805,13 +3266,13 @@
 		    length($line) > 75 &&
 		    !($line =~ /^\s*[a-zA-Z0-9_\/\.]+\s+\|\s+\d+/ ||
 					# file delta changes
-		      $line =~ /^\s*(?:[\w\.\-]+\/)++[\w\.\-]+:/ ||
+		      $line =~ /^\s*(?:[\w\.\-\+]*\/)++[\w\.\-\+]+:/ ||
 					# filename then :
-		      $line =~ /^\s*(?:Fixes:|Link:)/i ||
-					# A Fixes: or Link: line
+		      $line =~ /^\s*(?:Fixes:|$link_tags_search|$signature_tags)/i ||
+					# A Fixes:, link or signature tag line
 		      $commit_log_possible_stack_dump)) {
 			WARN("COMMIT_LOG_LONG_LINE",
-			     "Possible unwrapped commit description (prefer a maximum 75 chars per line)\n" . $herecurr);
+			     "Prefer a maximum 75 chars per line (possible unwrapped commit description?)\n" . $herecurr);
 			$commit_log_long_line = 1;
 		}
 
@@ -2821,11 +3282,53 @@
 			$commit_log_possible_stack_dump = 0;
 		}
 
+# Check for odd tags before a URI/URL
+		if ($in_commit_log &&
+		    $line =~ /^\s*(\w+:)\s*http/ && $1 !~ /^$link_tags_search$/) {
+			if ($1 =~ /^v(?:ersion)?\d+/i) {
+				WARN("COMMIT_LOG_VERSIONING",
+				     "Patch version information should be after the --- line\n" . $herecurr);
+			} else {
+				WARN("COMMIT_LOG_USE_LINK",
+				     "Unknown link reference '$1', use $link_tags_print instead\n" . $herecurr);
+			}
+		}
+
+# Check for misuse of the link tags
+		if ($in_commit_log &&
+		    $line =~ /^\s*(\w+:)\s*(\S+)/) {
+			my $tag = $1;
+			my $value = $2;
+			if ($tag =~ /^$link_tags_search$/ && $value !~ m{^https?://}) {
+				WARN("COMMIT_LOG_WRONG_LINK",
+				     "'$tag' should be followed by a public http(s) link\n" . $herecurr);
+			}
+		}
+
+# Check for lines starting with a #
+		if ($in_commit_log && $line =~ /^#/) {
+			if (WARN("COMMIT_COMMENT_SYMBOL",
+				 "Commit log lines starting with '#' are dropped by git as comments\n" . $herecurr) &&
+			    $fix) {
+				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/^/ /;
+			}
+		}
+
 # Check for git id commit length and improperly formed commit descriptions
-		if ($in_commit_log && !$commit_log_possible_stack_dump &&
+# A correctly formed commit description is:
+#    commit <SHA-1 hash length 12+ chars> ("Complete commit subject")
+# with the commit subject '("' prefix and '")' suffix
+# This is a fairly compilicated block as it tests for what appears to be
+# bare SHA-1 hash with  minimum length of 5.  It also avoids several types of
+# possible SHA-1 matches.
+# A commit match can span multiple lines so this block attempts to find a
+# complete typical commit on a maximum of 3 lines
+		if ($perl_version_ok &&
+		    $in_commit_log && !$commit_log_possible_stack_dump &&
 		    $line !~ /^\s*(?:Link|Patchwork|http|https|BugLink|base-commit):/i &&
 		    $line !~ /^This reverts commit [0-9a-f]{7,40}/ &&
-		    ($line =~ /\bcommit\s+[0-9a-f]{5,}\b/i ||
+		    (($line =~ /\bcommit\s+[0-9a-f]{5,}\b/i ||
+		      ($line =~ /\bcommit\s*$/i && defined($rawlines[$linenr]) && $rawlines[$linenr] =~ /^\s*[0-9a-f]{5,}\b/i)) ||
 		     ($line =~ /(?:\s|^)[0-9a-f]{12,40}(?:[\s"'\(\[]|$)/i &&
 		      $line !~ /[\<\[][0-9a-f]{12,40}[\>\]]/i &&
 		      $line !~ /\bfixes:\s*[0-9a-f]{12,40}/i))) {
@@ -2835,49 +3338,62 @@
 			my $long = 0;
 			my $case = 1;
 			my $space = 1;
-			my $hasdesc = 0;
-			my $hasparens = 0;
 			my $id = '0123456789ab';
 			my $orig_desc = "commit description";
 			my $description = "";
+			my $herectx = $herecurr;
+			my $has_parens = 0;
+			my $has_quotes = 0;
 
-			if ($line =~ /\b(c)ommit\s+([0-9a-f]{5,})\b/i) {
-				$init_char = $1;
-				$orig_commit = lc($2);
-			} elsif ($line =~ /\b([0-9a-f]{12,40})\b/i) {
-				$orig_commit = lc($1);
+			my $input = $line;
+			if ($line =~ /(?:\bcommit\s+[0-9a-f]{5,}|\bcommit\s*$)/i) {
+				for (my $n = 0; $n < 2; $n++) {
+					if ($input =~ /\bcommit\s+[0-9a-f]{5,}\s*($balanced_parens)/i) {
+						$orig_desc = $1;
+						$has_parens = 1;
+						# Always strip leading/trailing parens then double quotes if existing
+						$orig_desc = substr($orig_desc, 1, -1);
+						if ($orig_desc =~ /^".*"$/) {
+							$orig_desc = substr($orig_desc, 1, -1);
+							$has_quotes = 1;
+						}
+						last;
+					}
+					last if ($#lines < $linenr + $n);
+					$input .= " " . trim($rawlines[$linenr + $n]);
+					$herectx .= "$rawlines[$linenr + $n]\n";
+				}
+				$herectx = $herecurr if (!$has_parens);
 			}
 
-			$short = 0 if ($line =~ /\bcommit\s+[0-9a-f]{12,40}/i);
-			$long = 1 if ($line =~ /\bcommit\s+[0-9a-f]{41,}/i);
-			$space = 0 if ($line =~ /\bcommit [0-9a-f]/i);
-			$case = 0 if ($line =~ /\b[Cc]ommit\s+[0-9a-f]{5,40}[^A-F]/);
-			if ($line =~ /\bcommit\s+[0-9a-f]{5,}\s+\("([^"]+)"\)/i) {
-				$orig_desc = $1;
-				$hasparens = 1;
-			} elsif ($line =~ /\bcommit\s+[0-9a-f]{5,}\s*$/i &&
-				 defined $rawlines[$linenr] &&
-				 $rawlines[$linenr] =~ /^\s*\("([^"]+)"\)/) {
-				$orig_desc = $1;
-				$hasparens = 1;
-			} elsif ($line =~ /\bcommit\s+[0-9a-f]{5,}\s+\("[^"]+$/i &&
-				 defined $rawlines[$linenr] &&
-				 $rawlines[$linenr] =~ /^\s*[^"]+"\)/) {
-				$line =~ /\bcommit\s+[0-9a-f]{5,}\s+\("([^"]+)$/i;
-				$orig_desc = $1;
-				$rawlines[$linenr] =~ /^\s*([^"]+)"\)/;
-				$orig_desc .= " " . $1;
-				$hasparens = 1;
+			if ($input =~ /\b(c)ommit\s+([0-9a-f]{5,})\b/i) {
+				$init_char = $1;
+				$orig_commit = lc($2);
+				$short = 0 if ($input =~ /\bcommit\s+[0-9a-f]{12,40}/i);
+				$long = 1 if ($input =~ /\bcommit\s+[0-9a-f]{41,}/i);
+				$space = 0 if ($input =~ /\bcommit [0-9a-f]/i);
+				$case = 0 if ($input =~ /\b[Cc]ommit\s+[0-9a-f]{5,40}[^A-F]/);
+			} elsif ($input =~ /\b([0-9a-f]{12,40})\b/i) {
+				$orig_commit = lc($1);
 			}
 
 			($id, $description) = git_commit_info($orig_commit,
 							      $id, $orig_desc);
 
 			if (defined($id) &&
-			   ($short || $long || $space || $case || ($orig_desc ne $description) || !$hasparens)) {
+			    ($short || $long || $space || $case || ($orig_desc ne $description) || !$has_quotes) &&
+			    $last_git_commit_id_linenr != $linenr - 1) {
 				ERROR("GIT_COMMIT_ID",
-				      "Please use git commit description style 'commit <12+ chars of sha1> (\"<title line>\")' - ie: '${init_char}ommit $id (\"$description\")'\n" . $herecurr);
+				      "Please use git commit description style 'commit <12+ chars of sha1> (\"<title line>\")' - ie: '${init_char}ommit $id (\"$description\")'\n" . $herectx);
 			}
+			#don't report the next line if this line ends in commit and the sha1 hash is the next line
+			$last_git_commit_id_linenr = $linenr if ($line =~ /\bcommit\s*$/i);
+		}
+
+# Check for mailing list archives other than lore.kernel.org
+		if ($rawline =~ m{http.*\b$obsolete_archives}) {
+			WARN("PREFER_LORE_ARCHIVE",
+			     "Use lore.kernel.org archive links when possible - see https://lore.kernel.org/lists.html\n" . $herecurr);
 		}
 
 # Check for added, moved or deleted files
@@ -2897,7 +3413,7 @@
 		    ($line =~ /^new file mode\s*\d+\s*$/) &&
 		    ($realfile =~ m@^Documentation/devicetree/bindings/.*\.txt$@)) {
 			WARN("DT_SCHEMA_BINDING_PATCH",
-			     "DT bindings should be in DT schema format. See: Documentation/devicetree/writing-schema.rst\n");
+			     "DT bindings should be in DT schema format. See: Documentation/devicetree/bindings/writing-schema.rst\n");
 		}
 
 # Check for wrappage within a valid hunk of the file
@@ -2961,15 +3477,18 @@
 # Check for various typo / spelling mistakes
 		if (defined($misspellings) &&
 		    ($in_commit_log || $line =~ /^(?:\+|Subject:)/i)) {
-			while ($rawline =~ /(?:^|[^a-z@])($misspellings)(?:\b|$|[^a-z@])/gi) {
+			while ($rawline =~ /(?:^|[^\w\-'`])($misspellings)(?:[^\w\-'`]|$)/gi) {
 				my $typo = $1;
+				my $blank = copy_spacing($rawline);
+				my $ptr = substr($blank, 0, $-[1]) . "^" x length($typo);
+				my $hereptr = "$hereline$ptr\n";
 				my $typo_fix = $spelling_fix{lc($typo)};
 				$typo_fix = ucfirst($typo_fix) if ($typo =~ /^[A-Z]/);
 				$typo_fix = uc($typo_fix) if ($typo =~ /^[A-Z]+$/);
 				my $msg_level = \&WARN;
 				$msg_level = \&CHK if ($file);
 				if (&{$msg_level}("TYPO_SPELLING",
-						  "'$typo' may be misspelled - perhaps '$typo_fix'?\n" . $herecurr) &&
+						  "'$typo' may be misspelled - perhaps '$typo_fix'?\n" . $hereptr) &&
 				    $fix) {
 					$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/(^|[^A-Za-z@])($typo)($|[^A-Za-z@])/$1$typo_fix$3/;
 				}
@@ -2987,6 +3506,60 @@
 			}
 		}
 
+# check for repeated words separated by a single space
+# avoid false positive from list command eg, '-rw-r--r-- 1 root root'
+		if (($rawline =~ /^\+/ || $in_commit_log) &&
+		    $rawline !~ /[bcCdDlMnpPs\?-][rwxsStT-]{9}/) {
+			pos($rawline) = 1 if (!$in_commit_log);
+			while ($rawline =~ /\b($word_pattern) (?=($word_pattern))/g) {
+
+				my $first = $1;
+				my $second = $2;
+				my $start_pos = $-[1];
+				my $end_pos = $+[2];
+				if ($first =~ /(?:struct|union|enum)/) {
+					pos($rawline) += length($first) + length($second) + 1;
+					next;
+				}
+
+				next if (lc($first) ne lc($second));
+				next if ($first eq 'long');
+
+				# check for character before and after the word matches
+				my $start_char = '';
+				my $end_char = '';
+				$start_char = substr($rawline, $start_pos - 1, 1) if ($start_pos > ($in_commit_log ? 0 : 1));
+				$end_char = substr($rawline, $end_pos, 1) if ($end_pos < length($rawline));
+
+				next if ($start_char =~ /^\S$/);
+				next if (index(" \t.,;?!", $end_char) == -1);
+
+				# avoid repeating hex occurrences like 'ff ff fe 09 ...'
+				if ($first =~ /\b[0-9a-f]{2,}\b/i) {
+					next if (!exists($allow_repeated_words{lc($first)}));
+				}
+
+				if (WARN("REPEATED_WORD",
+					 "Possible repeated word: '$first'\n" . $herecurr) &&
+				    $fix) {
+					$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\b$first $second\b/$first/;
+				}
+			}
+
+			# if it's a repeated word on consecutive lines in a comment block
+			if ($prevline =~ /$;+\s*$/ &&
+			    $prevrawline =~ /($word_pattern)\s*$/) {
+				my $last_word = $1;
+				if ($rawline =~ /^\+\s*\*\s*$last_word /) {
+					if (WARN("REPEATED_WORD",
+						 "Possible repeated word: '$last_word'\n" . $hereprev) &&
+					    $fix) {
+						$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/(\+\s*\*\s*)$last_word /$1/;
+					}
+				}
+			}
+		}
+
 # ignore non-hunk lines and lines being removed
 		next if (!$hunk_line || $line =~ /^-/);
 
@@ -3029,51 +3602,47 @@
 		    # Kconfig supports named choices), so use a word boundary
 		    # (\b) rather than a whitespace character (\s)
 		    $line =~ /^\+\s*(?:config|menuconfig|choice)\b/) {
-			my $length = 0;
-			my $cnt = $realcnt;
-			my $ln = $linenr + 1;
-			my $f;
-			my $is_start = 0;
-			my $is_end = 0;
-			for (; $cnt > 0 && defined $lines[$ln - 1]; $ln++) {
-				$f = $lines[$ln - 1];
-				$cnt-- if ($lines[$ln - 1] !~ /^-/);
-				$is_end = $lines[$ln - 1] =~ /^\+/;
+			my $ln = $linenr;
+			my $needs_help = 0;
+			my $has_help = 0;
+			my $help_length = 0;
+			while (defined $lines[$ln]) {
+				my $f = $lines[$ln++];
 
 				next if ($f =~ /^-/);
-				last if (!$file && $f =~ /^\@\@/);
+				last if ($f !~ /^[\+ ]/);	# !patch context
 
-				if ($lines[$ln - 1] =~ /^\+\s*(?:bool|tristate|prompt)\s*["']/) {
-					$is_start = 1;
-				} elsif ($lines[$ln - 1] =~ /^\+\s*(?:help|---help---)\s*$/) {
-					if ($lines[$ln - 1] =~ "---help---") {
-						WARN("CONFIG_DESCRIPTION",
-						     "prefer 'help' over '---help---' for new help texts\n" . $herecurr);
-					}
-					$length = -1;
+				if ($f =~ /^\+\s*(?:bool|tristate|prompt)\s*["']/) {
+					$needs_help = 1;
+					next;
+				}
+				if ($f =~ /^\+\s*help\s*$/) {
+					$has_help = 1;
+					next;
 				}
 
-				$f =~ s/^.//;
-				$f =~ s/#.*//;
-				$f =~ s/^\s+//;
-				next if ($f =~ /^$/);
+				$f =~ s/^.//;	# strip patch context [+ ]
+				$f =~ s/#.*//;	# strip # directives
+				$f =~ s/^\s+//;	# strip leading blanks
+				next if ($f =~ /^$/);	# skip blank lines
 
+				# At the end of this Kconfig block:
 				# This only checks context lines in the patch
 				# and so hopefully shouldn't trigger false
 				# positives, even though some of these are
 				# common words in help texts
-				if ($f =~ /^\s*(?:config|menuconfig|choice|endchoice|
-						  if|endif|menu|endmenu|source)\b/x) {
-					$is_end = 1;
+				if ($f =~ /^(?:config|menuconfig|choice|endchoice|
+					       if|endif|menu|endmenu|source)\b/x) {
 					last;
 				}
-				$length++;
+				$help_length++ if ($has_help);
 			}
-			if ($is_start && $is_end && $length < $min_conf_desc_length) {
+			if ($needs_help &&
+			    $help_length < $min_conf_desc_length) {
+				my $stat_real = get_stat_real($linenr, $ln - 1);
 				WARN("CONFIG_DESCRIPTION",
-				     "please write a paragraph that describes the config symbol fully\n" . $herecurr);
+				     "please write a help paragraph that fully describes the config symbol\n" . "$here\n$stat_real\n");
 			}
-			#print "is_start<$is_start> is_end<$is_end> length<$length>\n";
 		}
 
 # check MAINTAINERS entries
@@ -3116,13 +3685,6 @@
 			}
 		}
 
-# discourage the use of boolean for type definition attributes of Kconfig options
-		if ($realfile =~ /Kconfig/ &&
-		    $line =~ /^\+\s*\bboolean\b/) {
-			WARN("CONFIG_TYPE_BOOLEAN",
-			     "Use of boolean is deprecated, please use bool instead.\n" . $herecurr);
-		}
-
 		if (($realfile =~ /Makefile.*/ || $realfile =~ /Kbuild.*/) &&
 		    ($line =~ /\+(EXTRA_[A-Z]+FLAGS).*/)) {
 			my $flag = $1;
@@ -3176,7 +3738,7 @@
 				my $comment = "";
 				if ($realfile =~ /\.(h|s|S)$/) {
 					$comment = '/*';
-				} elsif ($realfile =~ /\.(c|dts|dtsi)$/) {
+				} elsif ($realfile =~ /\.(c|rs|dts|dtsi)$/) {
 					$comment = '//';
 				} elsif (($checklicenseline == 2) || $realfile =~ /\.(sh|pl|py|awk|tc|yaml)$/) {
 					$comment = '#';
@@ -3203,7 +3765,7 @@
 						     "'$spdx_license' is not supported in LICENSES/...\n" . $herecurr);
 					}
 					if ($realfile =~ m@^Documentation/devicetree/bindings/@ &&
-					    not $spdx_license =~ /GPL-2\.0.*BSD-2-Clause/) {
+					    $spdx_license !~ /GPL-2\.0(?:-only)? OR BSD-2-Clause/) {
 						my $msg_level = \&WARN;
 						$msg_level = \&CHK if ($file);
 						if (&{$msg_level}("SPDX_LICENSE_TAG",
@@ -3213,12 +3775,23 @@
 							$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/SPDX-License-Identifier: .*/SPDX-License-Identifier: (GPL-2.0-only OR BSD-2-Clause)/;
 						}
 					}
+					if ($realfile =~ m@^include/dt-bindings/@ &&
+					    $spdx_license !~ /GPL-2\.0(?:-only)? OR \S+/) {
+						WARN("SPDX_LICENSE_TAG",
+						     "DT binding headers should be licensed (GPL-2.0-only OR .*)\n" . $herecurr);
+					}
 				}
 			}
 		}
 
+# check for embedded filenames
+		if ($rawline =~ /^\+.*\b\Q$realfile\E\b/) {
+			WARN("EMBEDDED_FILENAME",
+			     "It's generally not useful to have the filename in the file\n" . $herecurr);
+		}
+
 # check we are in a valid source file if not then ignore this hunk
-		next if ($realfile !~ /\.(h|c|s|S|sh|dtsi|dts)$/);
+		next if ($realfile !~ /\.(h|c|rs|s|S|sh|dtsi|dts)$/);
 
 # check for using SPDX-License-Identifier on the wrong line number
 		if ($realline != $checklicenseline &&
@@ -3294,8 +3867,18 @@
 
 # check for adding lines without a newline.
 		if ($line =~ /^\+/ && defined $lines[$linenr] && $lines[$linenr] =~ /^\\ No newline at end of file/) {
-			WARN("MISSING_EOF_NEWLINE",
-			     "adding a line without newline at end of file\n" . $herecurr);
+			if (WARN("MISSING_EOF_NEWLINE",
+			         "adding a line without newline at end of file\n" . $herecurr) &&
+			    $fix) {
+				fix_delete_line($fixlinenr+1, "No newline at end of file");
+			}
+		}
+
+# check for .L prefix local symbols in .S files
+		if ($realfile =~ /\.S$/ &&
+		    $line =~ /^\+\s*(?:[A-Z]+_)?SYM_[A-Z]+_(?:START|END)(?:_[A-Z_]+)?\s*\(\s*\.L/) {
+			WARN("AVOID_L_PREFIX",
+			     "Avoid using '.L' prefixed local symbol names for denoting a range of code via 'SYM_*_START/END' annotations; see Documentation/core-api/asm-annotations.rst\n" . $herecurr);
 		}
 
 # check we are in a valid source file C or perl if not then ignore this hunk
@@ -3314,42 +3897,6 @@
 			}
 		}
 
-# check for repeated words separated by a single space
-		if ($rawline =~ /^\+/) {
-			while ($rawline =~ /\b($word_pattern) (?=($word_pattern))/g) {
-
-				my $first = $1;
-				my $second = $2;
-
-				if ($first =~ /(?:struct|union|enum)/) {
-					pos($rawline) += length($first) + length($second) + 1;
-					next;
-				}
-
-				next if ($first ne $second);
-				next if ($first eq 'long');
-
-				if (WARN("REPEATED_WORD",
-					 "Possible repeated word: '$first'\n" . $herecurr) &&
-				    $fix) {
-					$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\b$first $second\b/$first/;
-				}
-			}
-
-			# if it's a repeated word on consecutive lines in a comment block
-			if ($prevline =~ /$;+\s*$/ &&
-			    $prevrawline =~ /($word_pattern)\s*$/) {
-				my $last_word = $1;
-				if ($rawline =~ /^\+\s*\*\s*$last_word /) {
-					if (WARN("REPEATED_WORD",
-						 "Possible repeated word: '$last_word'\n" . $hereprev) &&
-					    $fix) {
-						$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/(\+\s*\*\s*)$last_word /$1/;
-					}
-				}
-			}
-		}
-
 # check for space before tabs.
 		if ($rawline =~ /^\+/ && $rawline =~ / \t/) {
 			my $herevet = "$here\n" . cat_vet($rawline) . "\n";
@@ -3365,14 +3912,28 @@
 
 # check for assignments on the start of a line
 		if ($sline =~ /^\+\s+($Assignment)[^=]/) {
-			CHK("ASSIGNMENT_CONTINUATIONS",
-			    "Assignment operator '$1' should be on the previous line\n" . $hereprev);
+			my $operator = $1;
+			if (CHK("ASSIGNMENT_CONTINUATIONS",
+				"Assignment operator '$1' should be on the previous line\n" . $hereprev) &&
+			    $fix && $prevrawline =~ /^\+/) {
+				# add assignment operator to the previous line, remove from current line
+				$fixed[$fixlinenr - 1] .= " $operator";
+				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\Q$operator\E\s*//;
+			}
 		}
 
 # check for && or || at the start of a line
 		if ($rawline =~ /^\+\s*(&&|\|\|)/) {
-			CHK("LOGICAL_CONTINUATIONS",
-			    "Logical continuations should be on the previous line\n" . $hereprev);
+			my $operator = $1;
+			if (CHK("LOGICAL_CONTINUATIONS",
+				"Logical continuations should be on the previous line\n" . $hereprev) &&
+			    $fix && $prevrawline =~ /^\+/) {
+				# insert logical operator at last non-comment, non-whitepsace char on previous line
+				$prevline =~ /[\s$;]*$/;
+				my $line_end = substr($prevrawline, $-[0]);
+				$fixed[$fixlinenr - 1] =~ s/\Q$line_end\E$/ $operator$line_end/;
+				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\Q$operator\E\s*//;
+			}
 		}
 
 # check indentation starts on a tab stop
@@ -3440,7 +4001,7 @@
 		if ($realfile =~ m@^(drivers/net/|net/)@ &&
 		    $prevrawline =~ /^\+[ \t]*\/\*[ \t]*$/ &&
 		    $rawline =~ /^\+[ \t]*\*/ &&
-		    $realline > 2) {
+		    $realline > 3) { # Do not warn about the initial copyright comment block after SPDX-License-Identifier
 			WARN("NETWORKING_BLOCK_COMMENT_STYLE",
 			     "networking block comments don't use an empty /* line, use /* Comment...\n" . $hereprev);
 		}
@@ -3493,7 +4054,7 @@
 		if ($prevline =~ /^[\+ ]};?\s*$/ &&
 		    $line =~ /^\+/ &&
 		    !($line =~ /^\+\s*$/ ||
-		      $line =~ /^\+\s*EXPORT_SYMBOL/ ||
+		      $line =~ /^\+\s*(?:EXPORT_SYMBOL|early_param)/ ||
 		      $line =~ /^\+\s*MODULE_/i ||
 		      $line =~ /^\+\s*\#\s*(?:end|elif|else)/ ||
 		      $line =~ /^\+[a-z_]*init/ ||
@@ -3522,43 +4083,48 @@
 		}
 
 # check for missing blank lines after declarations
-		if ($sline =~ /^\+\s+\S/ &&			#Not at char 1
-			# actual declarations
-		    ($prevline =~ /^\+\s+$Declare\s*$Ident\s*[=,;:\[]/ ||
+# (declarations must have the same indentation and not be at the start of line)
+		if (($prevline =~ /\+(\s+)\S/) && $sline =~ /^\+$1\S/) {
+			# use temporaries
+			my $sl = $sline;
+			my $pl = $prevline;
+			# remove $Attribute/$Sparse uses to simplify comparisons
+			$sl =~ s/\b(?:$Attribute|$Sparse)\b//g;
+			$pl =~ s/\b(?:$Attribute|$Sparse)\b//g;
+			if (($pl =~ /^\+\s+$Declare\s*$Ident\s*[=,;:\[]/ ||
 			# function pointer declarations
-		     $prevline =~ /^\+\s+$Declare\s*\(\s*\*\s*$Ident\s*\)\s*[=,;:\[\(]/ ||
+			     $pl =~ /^\+\s+$Declare\s*\(\s*\*\s*$Ident\s*\)\s*[=,;:\[\(]/ ||
 			# foo bar; where foo is some local typedef or #define
-		     $prevline =~ /^\+\s+$Ident(?:\s+|\s*\*\s*)$Ident\s*[=,;\[]/ ||
+			     $pl =~ /^\+\s+$Ident(?:\s+|\s*\*\s*)$Ident\s*[=,;\[]/ ||
 			# known declaration macros
-		     $prevline =~ /^\+\s+$declaration_macros/) &&
+			     $pl =~ /^\+\s+$declaration_macros/) &&
 			# for "else if" which can look like "$Ident $Ident"
-		    !($prevline =~ /^\+\s+$c90_Keywords\b/ ||
+			    !($pl =~ /^\+\s+$c90_Keywords\b/ ||
 			# other possible extensions of declaration lines
-		      $prevline =~ /(?:$Compare|$Assignment|$Operators)\s*$/ ||
+			      $pl =~ /(?:$Compare|$Assignment|$Operators)\s*$/ ||
 			# not starting a section or a macro "\" extended line
-		      $prevline =~ /(?:\{\s*|\\)$/) &&
+			      $pl =~ /(?:\{\s*|\\)$/) &&
 			# looks like a declaration
-		    !($sline =~ /^\+\s+$Declare\s*$Ident\s*[=,;:\[]/ ||
+			    !($sl =~ /^\+\s+$Declare\s*$Ident\s*[=,;:\[]/ ||
 			# function pointer declarations
-		      $sline =~ /^\+\s+$Declare\s*\(\s*\*\s*$Ident\s*\)\s*[=,;:\[\(]/ ||
+			      $sl =~ /^\+\s+$Declare\s*\(\s*\*\s*$Ident\s*\)\s*[=,;:\[\(]/ ||
 			# foo bar; where foo is some local typedef or #define
-		      $sline =~ /^\+\s+$Ident(?:\s+|\s*\*\s*)$Ident\s*[=,;\[]/ ||
+			      $sl =~ /^\+\s+$Ident(?:\s+|\s*\*\s*)$Ident\s*[=,;\[]/ ||
 			# known declaration macros
-		      $sline =~ /^\+\s+$declaration_macros/ ||
+			      $sl =~ /^\+\s+$declaration_macros/ ||
 			# start of struct or union or enum
-		      $sline =~ /^\+\s+(?:static\s+)?(?:const\s+)?(?:union|struct|enum|typedef)\b/ ||
+			      $sl =~ /^\+\s+(?:static\s+)?(?:const\s+)?(?:union|struct|enum|typedef)\b/ ||
 			# start or end of block or continuation of declaration
-		      $sline =~ /^\+\s+(?:$|[\{\}\.\#\"\?\:\(\[])/ ||
+			      $sl =~ /^\+\s+(?:$|[\{\}\.\#\"\?\:\(\[])/ ||
 			# bitfield continuation
-		      $sline =~ /^\+\s+$Ident\s*:\s*\d+\s*[,;]/ ||
+			      $sl =~ /^\+\s+$Ident\s*:\s*\d+\s*[,;]/ ||
 			# other possible extensions of declaration lines
-		      $sline =~ /^\+\s+\(?\s*(?:$Compare|$Assignment|$Operators)/) &&
-			# indentation of previous and current line are the same
-		    (($prevline =~ /\+(\s+)\S/) && $sline =~ /^\+$1\S/)) {
-			if (WARN("LINE_SPACING",
-				 "Missing a blank line after declarations\n" . $hereprev) &&
-			    $fix) {
-				fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, "\+");
+			      $sl =~ /^\+\s+\(?\s*(?:$Compare|$Assignment|$Operators)/)) {
+				if (WARN("LINE_SPACING",
+					 "Missing a blank line after declarations\n" . $hereprev) &&
+				    $fix) {
+					fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, "\+");
+				}
 			}
 		}
 
@@ -3611,12 +4177,16 @@
 		}
 
 # check indentation of a line with a break;
-# if the previous line is a goto or return and is indented the same # of tabs
+# if the previous line is a goto, return or break
+# and is indented the same # of tabs
 		if ($sline =~ /^\+([\t]+)break\s*;\s*$/) {
 			my $tabs = $1;
-			if ($prevline =~ /^\+$tabs(?:goto|return)\b/) {
-				WARN("UNNECESSARY_BREAK",
-				     "break is not useful after a goto or return\n" . $hereprev);
+			if ($prevline =~ /^\+$tabs(goto|return|break)\b/) {
+				if (WARN("UNNECESSARY_BREAK",
+					 "break is not useful after a $1\n" . $hereprev) &&
+				    $fix) {
+					fix_delete_line($fixlinenr, $rawline);
+				}
 			}
 		}
 
@@ -3899,6 +4469,17 @@
 #ignore lines not being added
 		next if ($line =~ /^[^\+]/);
 
+# check for self assignments used to avoid compiler warnings
+# e.g.:	int foo = foo, *bar = NULL;
+#	struct foo bar = *(&(bar));
+		if ($line =~ /^\+\s*(?:$Declare)?([A-Za-z_][A-Za-z\d_]*)\s*=/) {
+			my $var = $1;
+			if ($line =~ /^\+\s*(?:$Declare)?$var\s*=\s*(?:$var|\*\s*\(?\s*&\s*\(?\s*$var\s*\)?\s*\)?)\s*[;,]/) {
+				WARN("SELF_ASSIGNMENT",
+				     "Do not use self-assignments to avoid compiler warnings\n" . $herecurr);
+			}
+		}
+
 # check for dereferences that span multiple lines
 		if ($prevline =~ /^\+.*$Lval\s*(?:\.|->)\s*$/ &&
 		    $line =~ /^\+\s*(?!\#\s*(?!define\s+|if))\s*$Lval/) {
@@ -4014,13 +4595,13 @@
 		if (defined $realline_next &&
 		    exists $lines[$realline_next - 1] &&
 		    !defined $suppress_export{$realline_next} &&
-		    ($lines[$realline_next - 1] =~ /EXPORT_SYMBOL.*\((.*)\)/ ||
-		     $lines[$realline_next - 1] =~ /EXPORT_UNUSED_SYMBOL.*\((.*)\)/)) {
+		    ($lines[$realline_next - 1] =~ /EXPORT_SYMBOL.*\((.*)\)/)) {
 			# Handle definitions which produce identifiers with
 			# a prefix:
 			#   XXX(foo);
 			#   EXPORT_SYMBOL(something_foo);
 			my $name = $1;
+			$name =~ s/^\s*($Ident).*/$1/;
 			if ($stat =~ /^(?:.\s*}\s*\n)?.([A-Z_]+)\s*\(\s*($Ident)/ &&
 			    $name =~ /^${Ident}_$2/) {
 #print "FOO C name<$name>\n";
@@ -4042,8 +4623,7 @@
 		}
 		if (!defined $suppress_export{$linenr} &&
 		    $prevline =~ /^.\s*$/ &&
-		    ($line =~ /EXPORT_SYMBOL.*\((.*)\)/ ||
-		     $line =~ /EXPORT_UNUSED_SYMBOL.*\((.*)\)/)) {
+		    ($line =~ /EXPORT_SYMBOL.*\((.*)\)/)) {
 #print "FOO B <$lines[$linenr - 1]>\n";
 			$suppress_export{$linenr} = 2;
 		}
@@ -4054,7 +4634,8 @@
 		}
 
 # check for global initialisers.
-		if ($line =~ /^\+$Type\s*$Ident(?:\s+$Modifier)*\s*=\s*($zero_initializer)\s*;/) {
+		if ($line =~ /^\+$Type\s*$Ident(?:\s+$Modifier)*\s*=\s*($zero_initializer)\s*;/ &&
+		    !exclude_global_initialisers($realfile)) {
 			if (ERROR("GLOBAL_INITIALISERS",
 				  "do not initialise globals to $1\n" . $herecurr) &&
 			    $fix) {
@@ -4133,12 +4714,24 @@
 			}
 		}
 
+# check for const static or static <non ptr type> const declarations
+# prefer 'static const <foo>' over 'const static <foo>' and 'static <foo> const'
+		if ($sline =~ /^\+\s*const\s+static\s+($Type)\b/ ||
+		    $sline =~ /^\+\s*static\s+($BasicType)\s+const\b/) {
+			if (WARN("STATIC_CONST",
+				 "Move const after static - use 'static const $1'\n" . $herecurr) &&
+			    $fix) {
+				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\bconst\s+static\b/static const/;
+				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\bstatic\s+($BasicType)\s+const\b/static const $1/;
+			}
+		}
+
 # check for non-global char *foo[] = {"bar", ...} declarations.
 		if ($line =~ /^.\s+(?:static\s+|const\s+)?char\s+\*\s*\w+\s*\[\s*\]\s*=\s*\{/) {
 			WARN("STATIC_CONST_CHAR_ARRAY",
 			     "char * array declaration might be better as static const\n" .
 				$herecurr);
-               }
+		}
 
 # check for sizeof(foo)/sizeof(foo[0]) that could be ARRAY_SIZE(foo)
 		if ($line =~ m@\bsizeof\s*\(\s*($Lval)\s*\)@) {
@@ -4229,12 +4822,12 @@
 			}
 		}
 
-# avoid BUG() or BUG_ON()
-		if ($line =~ /\b(?:BUG|BUG_ON)\b/) {
+# do not use BUG() or variants
+		if ($line =~ /\b(?!AA_|BUILD_|DCCP_|IDA_|KVM_|RWLOCK_|snd_|SPIN_)(?:[a-zA-Z_]*_)?BUG(?:_ON)?(?:_[A-Z_]+)?\s*\(/) {
 			my $msg_level = \&WARN;
 			$msg_level = \&CHK if ($file);
 			&{$msg_level}("AVOID_BUG",
-				      "Avoid crashing the kernel - try using WARN_ON & recovery code rather than BUG() or BUG_ON()\n" . $herecurr);
+				      "Do not crash the kernel unless it is absolutely unavoidable--use WARN_ON_ONCE() plus recovery code (if feasible) instead of BUG() or variants\n" . $herecurr);
 		}
 
 # avoid LINUX_VERSION_CODE
@@ -4255,16 +4848,23 @@
 			     "printk() should include KERN_<LEVEL> facility level\n" . $herecurr);
 		}
 
-		if ($line =~ /\bprintk\s*\(\s*KERN_([A-Z]+)/) {
-			my $orig = $1;
+# prefer variants of (subsystem|netdev|dev|pr)_<level> to printk(KERN_<LEVEL>
+		if ($line =~ /\b(printk(_once|_ratelimited)?)\s*\(\s*KERN_([A-Z]+)/) {
+			my $printk = $1;
+			my $modifier = $2;
+			my $orig = $3;
+			$modifier = "" if (!defined($modifier));
 			my $level = lc($orig);
 			$level = "warn" if ($level eq "warning");
 			my $level2 = $level;
 			$level2 = "dbg" if ($level eq "debug");
+			$level .= $modifier;
+			$level2 .= $modifier;
 			WARN("PREFER_PR_LEVEL",
-			     "Prefer [subsystem eg: netdev]_$level2([subsystem]dev, ... then dev_$level2(dev, ... then pr_$level(...  to printk(KERN_$orig ...\n" . $herecurr);
+			     "Prefer [subsystem eg: netdev]_$level2([subsystem]dev, ... then dev_$level2(dev, ... then pr_$level(...  to $printk(KERN_$orig ...\n" . $herecurr);
 		}
 
+# prefer dev_<level> to dev_printk(KERN_<LEVEL>
 		if ($line =~ /\bdev_printk\s*\(\s*KERN_([A-Z]+)/) {
 			my $orig = $1;
 			my $level = lc($orig);
@@ -4274,6 +4874,12 @@
 			     "Prefer dev_$level(... to dev_printk(KERN_$orig, ...\n" . $herecurr);
 		}
 
+# trace_printk should not be used in production code.
+		if ($line =~ /\b(trace_printk|trace_puts|ftrace_vprintk)\s*\(/) {
+			WARN("TRACE_PRINTK",
+			     "Do not use $1() in production code (this can be ignored if built only with a debug config option)\n" . $herecurr);
+		}
+
 # ENOSYS means "bad syscall nr" and nothing else.  This will have a small
 # number of false positives, but assembly files are not checked, so at
 # least the arch entry code will not trigger this warning.
@@ -4442,7 +5048,7 @@
 				if|for|while|switch|return|case|
 				volatile|__volatile__|
 				__attribute__|format|__extension__|
-				asm|__asm__)$/x)
+				asm|__asm__|scoped_guard)$/x)
 			{
 			# cpp #define statements have non-optional spaces, ie
 			# if there is a space between the name and the open
@@ -4715,7 +5321,7 @@
 				# A colon needs no spaces before when it is
 				# terminating a case value or a label.
 				} elsif ($opv eq ':C' || $opv eq ':L') {
-					if ($ctx =~ /Wx./) {
+					if ($ctx =~ /Wx./ and $realfile !~ m@.*\.lds\.h$@) {
 						if (ERROR("SPACING",
 							  "space prohibited before that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
 							$good = rtrim($fix_elements[$n]) . trim($fix_elements[$n + 1]);
@@ -4799,7 +5405,7 @@
 ## 		    $line !~ /^.\s*$Type\s+$Ident(?:\s*=[^,{]*)?\s*,\s*$Type\s*$Ident.*/) {
 ##
 ## 			# Remove any bracketed sections to ensure we do not
-## 			# falsly report the parameters of functions.
+## 			# falsely report the parameters of functions.
 ## 			my $ln = $line;
 ## 			while ($ln =~ s/\([^\(\)]*\)//g) {
 ## 			}
@@ -4929,9 +5535,13 @@
 			}
 		}
 
-#goto labels aren't indented, allow a single space however
-		if ($line=~/^.\s+[A-Za-z\d_]+:(?![0-9]+)/ and
-		   !($line=~/^. [A-Za-z\d_]+:/) and !($line=~/^.\s+default:/)) {
+# check that goto labels aren't indented (allow a single space indentation)
+# and ignore bitfield definitions like foo:1
+# Strictly, labels can have whitespace after the identifier and before the :
+# but this is not allowed here as many ?: uses would appear to be labels
+		if ($sline =~ /^.\s+[A-Za-z_][A-Za-z\d_]*:(?!\s*\d+)/ &&
+		    $sline !~ /^. [A-Za-z\d_][A-Za-z\d_]*:/ &&
+		    $sline !~ /^.\s+default:/) {
 			if (WARN("INDENTED_LABEL",
 				 "labels should not be indented\n" . $herecurr) &&
 			    $fix) {
@@ -4940,6 +5550,17 @@
 			}
 		}
 
+# check if a statement with a comma should be two statements like:
+#	foo = bar(),	/* comma should be semicolon */
+#	bar = baz();
+		if (defined($stat) &&
+		    $stat =~ /^\+\s*(?:$Lval\s*$Assignment\s*)?$FuncArg\s*,\s*(?:$Lval\s*$Assignment\s*)?$FuncArg\s*;\s*$/) {
+			my $cnt = statement_rawlines($stat);
+			my $herectx = get_stat_here($linenr, $cnt, $here);
+			WARN("SUSPECT_COMMA_SEMICOLON",
+			     "Possible comma where semicolon could be used\n" . $herectx);
+		}
+
 # return is not a function
 		if (defined($stat) && $stat =~ /^.\s*return(\s*)\(/s) {
 			my $spacing = $1;
@@ -4967,7 +5588,7 @@
 		    $lines[$linenr - 3] !~ /^[ +]\s*$Ident\s*:/) {
 			WARN("RETURN_VOID",
 			     "void function return statements are not generally useful\n" . $hereprev);
-               }
+		}
 
 # if statements using unnecessary parentheses - ie: if ((foo == bar))
 		if ($perl_version_ok &&
@@ -5015,7 +5636,7 @@
 # Return of what appears to be an errno should normally be negative
 		if ($sline =~ /\breturn(?:\s*\(+\s*|\s+)(E[A-Z]+)(?:\s*\)+\s*|\s*)[;:,]/) {
 			my $name = $1;
-			if ($name ne 'EOF' && $name ne 'ERROR') {
+			if ($name ne 'EOF' && $name ne 'ERROR' && $name !~ /^EPOLL/) {
 				WARN("USE_NEGATIVE_ERRNO",
 				     "return of an errno should typically be negative (ie: return -$1)\n" . $herecurr);
 			}
@@ -5058,6 +5679,7 @@
 		    defined($stat) && defined($cond) &&
 		    $line =~ /\b(?:if|while|for)\s*\(/ && $line !~ /^.\s*#/) {
 			my ($s, $c) = ($stat, $cond);
+			my $fixed_assign_in_if = 0;
 
 			if ($c =~ /\bif\s*\(.*[^<>!=]=[^=].*/s) {
 				if (ERROR("ASSIGN_IN_IF",
@@ -5082,6 +5704,7 @@
 						$newline .= ')';
 						$newline .= " {" if (defined($brace));
 						fix_insert_line($fixlinenr + 1, $newline);
+						$fixed_assign_in_if = 1;
 					}
 				}
 			}
@@ -5105,8 +5728,20 @@
 					$stat_real = "[...]\n$stat_real";
 				}
 
-				ERROR("TRAILING_STATEMENTS",
-				      "trailing statements should be on next line\n" . $herecurr . $stat_real);
+				if (ERROR("TRAILING_STATEMENTS",
+					  "trailing statements should be on next line\n" . $herecurr . $stat_real) &&
+				    !$fixed_assign_in_if &&
+				    $cond_lines == 0 &&
+				    $fix && $perl_version_ok &&
+				    $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ /^\+(\s*)((?:if|while|for)\s*$balanced_parens)\s*(.*)$/) {
+					my $indent = $1;
+					my $test = $2;
+					my $rest = rtrim($4);
+					if ($rest =~ /;$/) {
+						$fixed[$fixlinenr] = "\+$indent$test";
+						fix_insert_line($fixlinenr + 1, "$indent\t$rest");
+					}
+				}
 			}
 		}
 
@@ -5204,14 +5839,18 @@
 #CamelCase
 			if ($var !~ /^$Constant$/ &&
 			    $var =~ /[A-Z][a-z]|[a-z][A-Z]/ &&
+#Ignore some autogenerated defines and enum values
+			    $var !~ /^(?:[A-Z]+_){1,5}[A-Z]{1,3}[a-z]/ &&
 #Ignore Page<foo> variants
 			    $var !~ /^(?:Clear|Set|TestClear|TestSet|)Page[A-Z]/ &&
+#Ignore ETHTOOL_LINK_MODE_<foo> variants
+			    $var !~ /^ETHTOOL_LINK_MODE_/ &&
 #Ignore SI style variants like nS, mV and dB
 #(ie: max_uV, regulator_min_uA_show, RANGE_mA_VALUE)
 			    $var !~ /^(?:[a-z0-9_]*|[A-Z0-9_]*)?_?[a-z][A-Z](?:_[a-z0-9_]+|_[A-Z0-9_]+)?$/ &&
 #Ignore some three character SI units explicitly, like MiB and KHz
 			    $var !~ /^(?:[a-z_]*?)_?(?:[KMGT]iB|[KMGT]?Hz)(?:_[a-z_]+)?$/) {
-				while ($var =~ m{($Ident)}g) {
+				while ($var =~ m{\b($Ident)}g) {
 					my $word = $1;
 					next if ($word !~ /[A-Z][a-z]|[a-z][A-Z]/);
 					if ($check) {
@@ -5299,9 +5938,9 @@
 			$dstat =~ s/\s*$//s;
 
 			# Flatten any parentheses and braces
-			while ($dstat =~ s/\([^\(\)]*\)/1/ ||
-			       $dstat =~ s/\{[^\{\}]*\}/1/ ||
-			       $dstat =~ s/.\[[^\[\]]*\]/1/)
+			while ($dstat =~ s/\([^\(\)]*\)/1u/ ||
+			       $dstat =~ s/\{[^\{\}]*\}/1u/ ||
+			       $dstat =~ s/.\[[^\[\]]*\]/1u/)
 			{
 			}
 
@@ -5341,7 +5980,9 @@
 			    $dstat !~ /$exceptions/ &&
 			    $dstat !~ /^\.$Ident\s*=/ &&				# .foo =
 			    $dstat !~ /^(?:\#\s*$Ident|\#\s*$Constant)\s*$/ &&		# stringification #foo
+			    $dstat !~ /^case\b/ &&					# case ...
 			    $dstat !~ /^do\s*$Constant\s*while\s*$Constant;?$/ &&	# do {...} while (...); // do {...} while (...)
+			    $dstat !~ /^while\s*$Constant\s*$Constant\s*$/ &&		# while (...) {...}
 			    $dstat !~ /^for\s*$Constant$/ &&				# for (...)
 			    $dstat !~ /^for\s*$Constant\s+(?:$Ident|-?$Constant)$/ &&	# for (...) bar()
 			    $dstat !~ /^do\s*{/ &&					# do {...
@@ -5383,7 +6024,7 @@
 			        next if ($arg =~ /\.\.\./);
 			        next if ($arg =~ /^type$/i);
 				my $tmp_stmt = $define_stmt;
-				$tmp_stmt =~ s/\b(sizeof|typeof|__typeof__|__builtin\w+|typecheck\s*\(\s*$Type\s*,|\#+)\s*\(*\s*$arg\s*\)*\b//g;
+				$tmp_stmt =~ s/\b(__must_be_array|offsetof|sizeof|sizeof_field|__stringify|typeof|__typeof__|__builtin\w+|typecheck\s*\(\s*$Type\s*,|\#+)\s*\(*\s*$arg\s*\)*\b//g;
 				$tmp_stmt =~ s/\#+\s*$arg\b//g;
 				$tmp_stmt =~ s/\b$arg\s*\#\#//g;
 				my $use_cnt = () = $tmp_stmt =~ /\b$arg\b/g;
@@ -5412,6 +6053,9 @@
 
 # check for line continuations outside of #defines, preprocessor #, and asm
 
+		} elsif ($realfile =~ m@/vmlinux.lds.h$@) {
+		    $line =~ s/(\w+)/$maybe_linker_symbol{$1}++/ge;
+		    #print "REAL: $realfile\nln: $line\nkeys:", sort keys %maybe_linker_symbol;
 		} else {
 			if ($prevline !~ /^..*\\$/ &&
 			    $line !~ /^\+\s*\#.*\\$/ &&		# preprocessor
@@ -5660,6 +6304,17 @@
 			     "Prefer using '\"%s...\", __func__' to using '$context_function', this function's name, in a string\n" . $herecurr);
 		}
 
+# check for unnecessary function tracing like uses
+# This does not use $logFunctions because there are many instances like
+# 'dprintk(FOO, "%s()\n", __func__);' which do not match $logFunctions
+		if ($rawline =~ /^\+.*\([^"]*"$tracing_logging_tags{0,3}%s(?:\s*\(\s*\)\s*)?$tracing_logging_tags{0,3}(?:\\n)?"\s*,\s*__func__\s*\)\s*;/) {
+			if (WARN("TRACING_LOGGING",
+				 "Unnecessary ftrace-like logging - prefer using ftrace\n" . $herecurr) &&
+			    $fix) {
+                                fix_delete_line($fixlinenr, $rawline);
+			}
+		}
+
 # check for spaces before a quoted newline
 		if ($rawline =~ /^.*\".*\s\\n/) {
 			if (WARN("QUOTED_WHITESPACE_BEFORE_NEWLINE",
@@ -5671,7 +6326,8 @@
 		}
 
 # concatenated string without spaces between elements
-		if ($line =~ /$String[A-Za-z0-9_]/ || $line =~ /[A-Za-z0-9_]$String/) {
+		if ($line =~ /$String[A-Z_]/ ||
+		    ($line =~ /([A-Za-z0-9_]+)$String/ && $1 !~ /^[Lu]$/)) {
 			if (CHK("CONCATENATED_STRING",
 				"Concatenated strings should use spaces between elements\n" . $herecurr) &&
 			    $fix) {
@@ -5684,7 +6340,7 @@
 		}
 
 # uncoalesced string fragments
-		if ($line =~ /$String\s*"/) {
+		if ($line =~ /$String\s*[Lu]?"/) {
 			if (WARN("STRING_FRAGMENTS",
 				 "Consecutive strings are generally better as a single string\n" . $herecurr) &&
 			    $fix) {
@@ -5806,6 +6462,28 @@
 			     "Avoid logging continuation uses where feasible\n" . $herecurr);
 		}
 
+# check for unnecessary use of %h[xudi] and %hh[xudi] in logging functions
+		if (defined $stat &&
+		    $line =~ /\b$logFunctions\s*\(/ &&
+		    index($stat, '"') >= 0) {
+			my $lc = $stat =~ tr@\n@@;
+			$lc = $lc + $linenr;
+			my $stat_real = get_stat_real($linenr, $lc);
+			pos($stat_real) = index($stat_real, '"');
+			while ($stat_real =~ /[^\"%]*(%[\#\d\.\*\-]*(h+)[idux])/g) {
+				my $pspec = $1;
+				my $h = $2;
+				my $lineoff = substr($stat_real, 0, $-[1]) =~ tr@\n@@;
+				if (WARN("UNNECESSARY_MODIFIER",
+					 "Integer promotion: Using '$h' in '$pspec' is unnecessary\n" . "$here\n$stat_real\n") &&
+				    $fix && $fixed[$fixlinenr + $lineoff] =~ /^\+/) {
+					my $nspec = $pspec;
+					$nspec =~ s/h//g;
+					$fixed[$fixlinenr + $lineoff] =~ s/\Q$pspec\E/$nspec/;
+				}
+			}
+		}
+
 # check for mask then right shift without a parentheses
 		if ($perl_version_ok &&
 		    $line =~ /$LvalOrFunc\s*\&\s*($LvalOrFunc)\s*>>/ &&
@@ -6052,50 +6730,68 @@
 			}
 		}
 
-# Check for __attribute__ packed, prefer __packed
+# Check for compiler attributes
 		if ($realfile !~ m@\binclude/uapi/@ &&
-		    $line =~ /\b__attribute__\s*\(\s*\(.*\bpacked\b/) {
-			WARN("PREFER_PACKED",
-			     "__packed is preferred over __attribute__((packed))\n" . $herecurr);
-		}
+		    $rawline =~ /\b__attribute__\s*\(\s*($balanced_parens)\s*\)/) {
+			my $attr = $1;
+			$attr =~ s/\s*\(\s*(.*)\)\s*/$1/;
 
-# Check for __attribute__ aligned, prefer __aligned
-		if ($realfile !~ m@\binclude/uapi/@ &&
-		    $line =~ /\b__attribute__\s*\(\s*\(.*aligned/) {
-			WARN("PREFER_ALIGNED",
-			     "__aligned(size) is preferred over __attribute__((aligned(size)))\n" . $herecurr);
-		}
+			my %attr_list = (
+				"alias"				=> "__alias",
+				"aligned"			=> "__aligned",
+				"always_inline"			=> "__always_inline",
+				"assume_aligned"		=> "__assume_aligned",
+				"cold"				=> "__cold",
+				"const"				=> "__attribute_const__",
+				"copy"				=> "__copy",
+				"designated_init"		=> "__designated_init",
+				"externally_visible"		=> "__visible",
+				"format"			=> "printf|scanf",
+				"gnu_inline"			=> "__gnu_inline",
+				"malloc"			=> "__malloc",
+				"mode"				=> "__mode",
+				"no_caller_saved_registers"	=> "__no_caller_saved_registers",
+				"noclone"			=> "__noclone",
+				"noinline"			=> "noinline",
+				"nonstring"			=> "__nonstring",
+				"noreturn"			=> "__noreturn",
+				"packed"			=> "__packed",
+				"pure"				=> "__pure",
+				"section"			=> "__section",
+				"used"				=> "__used",
+				"weak"				=> "__weak"
+			);
 
-# Check for __attribute__ section, prefer __section
-		if ($realfile !~ m@\binclude/uapi/@ &&
-		    $line =~ /\b__attribute__\s*\(\s*\(.*_*section_*\s*\(\s*("[^"]*")/) {
-			my $old = substr($rawline, $-[1], $+[1] - $-[1]);
-			my $new = substr($old, 1, -1);
-			if (WARN("PREFER_SECTION",
-				 "__section($new) is preferred over __attribute__((section($old)))\n" . $herecurr) &&
-			    $fix) {
-				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\b__attribute__\s*\(\s*\(\s*_*section_*\s*\(\s*\Q$old\E\s*\)\s*\)\s*\)/__section($new)/;
+			while ($attr =~ /\s*(\w+)\s*(${balanced_parens})?/g) {
+				my $orig_attr = $1;
+				my $params = '';
+				$params = $2 if defined($2);
+				my $curr_attr = $orig_attr;
+				$curr_attr =~ s/^[\s_]+|[\s_]+$//g;
+				if (exists($attr_list{$curr_attr})) {
+					my $new = $attr_list{$curr_attr};
+					if ($curr_attr eq "format" && $params) {
+						$params =~ /^\s*\(\s*(\w+)\s*,\s*(.*)/;
+						$new = "__$1\($2";
+					} else {
+						$new = "$new$params";
+					}
+					if (WARN("PREFER_DEFINED_ATTRIBUTE_MACRO",
+						 "Prefer $new over __attribute__(($orig_attr$params))\n" . $herecurr) &&
+					    $fix) {
+						my $remove = "\Q$orig_attr\E" . '\s*' . "\Q$params\E" . '(?:\s*,\s*)?';
+						$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/$remove//;
+						$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\b__attribute__/$new __attribute__/;
+						$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\}\Q$new\E/} $new/;
+						$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/ __attribute__\s*\(\s*\(\s*\)\s*\)//;
+					}
+				}
 			}
-		}
 
-# Check for __attribute__ format(printf, prefer __printf
-		if ($realfile !~ m@\binclude/uapi/@ &&
-		    $line =~ /\b__attribute__\s*\(\s*\(\s*format\s*\(\s*printf/) {
-			if (WARN("PREFER_PRINTF",
-				 "__printf(string-index, first-to-check) is preferred over __attribute__((format(printf, string-index, first-to-check)))\n" . $herecurr) &&
-			    $fix) {
-				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\b__attribute__\s*\(\s*\(\s*format\s*\(\s*printf\s*,\s*(.*)\)\s*\)\s*\)/"__printf(" . trim($1) . ")"/ex;
-
-			}
-		}
-
-# Check for __attribute__ format(scanf, prefer __scanf
-		if ($realfile !~ m@\binclude/uapi/@ &&
-		    $line =~ /\b__attribute__\s*\(\s*\(\s*format\s*\(\s*scanf\b/) {
-			if (WARN("PREFER_SCANF",
-				 "__scanf(string-index, first-to-check) is preferred over __attribute__((format(scanf, string-index, first-to-check)))\n" . $herecurr) &&
-			    $fix) {
-				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\b__attribute__\s*\(\s*\(\s*format\s*\(\s*scanf\s*,\s*(.*)\)\s*\)\s*\)/"__scanf(" . trim($1) . ")"/ex;
+			# Check for __attribute__ unused, prefer __always_unused or __maybe_unused
+			if ($attr =~ /^_*unused/) {
+				WARN("PREFER_DEFINED_ATTRIBUTE_MACRO",
+				     "__always_unused or __maybe_unused is preferred over __attribute__((__unused__))\n" . $herecurr);
 			}
 		}
 
@@ -6131,18 +6827,18 @@
 		if ($line =~ /(\(\s*$C90_int_types\s*\)\s*)($Constant)\b/) {
 			my $cast = $1;
 			my $const = $2;
+			my $suffix = "";
+			my $newconst = $const;
+			$newconst =~ s/${Int_type}$//;
+			$suffix .= 'U' if ($cast =~ /\bunsigned\b/);
+			if ($cast =~ /\blong\s+long\b/) {
+			    $suffix .= 'LL';
+			} elsif ($cast =~ /\blong\b/) {
+			    $suffix .= 'L';
+			}
 			if (WARN("TYPECAST_INT_CONSTANT",
-				 "Unnecessary typecast of c90 int constant\n" . $herecurr) &&
+				 "Unnecessary typecast of c90 int constant - '$cast$const' could be '$const$suffix'\n" . $herecurr) &&
 			    $fix) {
-				my $suffix = "";
-				my $newconst = $const;
-				$newconst =~ s/${Int_type}$//;
-				$suffix .= 'U' if ($cast =~ /\bunsigned\b/);
-				if ($cast =~ /\blong\s+long\b/) {
-					$suffix .= 'LL';
-				} elsif ($cast =~ /\blong\b/) {
-					$suffix .= 'L';
-				}
 				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\Q$cast\E$const\b/$newconst$suffix/;
 			}
 		}
@@ -6202,9 +6898,11 @@
 					$specifier = $1;
 					$extension = $2;
 					$qualifier = $3;
-					if ($extension !~ /[SsBKRraEehMmIiUDdgVCbGNOxtf]/ ||
+					if ($extension !~ /[4SsBKRraEehMmIiUDdgVCbGNOxtf]/ ||
 					    ($extension eq "f" &&
-					     defined $qualifier && $qualifier !~ /^w/)) {
+					     defined $qualifier && $qualifier !~ /^w/) ||
+					    ($extension eq "4" &&
+					     defined $qualifier && $qualifier !~ /^cc/)) {
 						$bad_specifier = $specifier;
 						last;
 					}
@@ -6218,15 +6916,19 @@
 				}
 				if ($bad_specifier ne "") {
 					my $stat_real = get_stat_real($linenr, $lc);
+					my $msg_level = \&WARN;
 					my $ext_type = "Invalid";
 					my $use = "";
 					if ($bad_specifier =~ /p[Ff]/) {
 						$use = " - use %pS instead";
 						$use =~ s/pS/ps/ if ($bad_specifier =~ /pf/);
+					} elsif ($bad_specifier =~ /pA/) {
+						$use =  " - '%pA' is only intended to be used from Rust code";
+						$msg_level = \&ERROR;
 					}
 
-					WARN("VSPRINTF_POINTER_EXTENSION",
-					     "$ext_type vsprintf pointer extension '$bad_specifier'$use\n" . "$here\n$stat_real\n");
+					&{$msg_level}("VSPRINTF_POINTER_EXTENSION",
+						      "$ext_type vsprintf pointer extension '$bad_specifier'$use\n" . "$here\n$stat_real\n");
 				}
 			}
 		}
@@ -6291,6 +6993,24 @@
 #			}
 #		}
 
+# strcpy uses that should likely be strscpy
+		if ($line =~ /\bstrcpy\s*\(/) {
+			WARN("STRCPY",
+			     "Prefer strscpy over strcpy - see: https://github.com/KSPP/linux/issues/88\n" . $herecurr);
+		}
+
+# strlcpy uses that should likely be strscpy
+		if ($line =~ /\bstrlcpy\s*\(/) {
+			WARN("STRLCPY",
+			     "Prefer strscpy over strlcpy - see: https://github.com/KSPP/linux/issues/89\n" . $herecurr);
+		}
+
+# strncpy uses that should likely be strscpy or strscpy_pad
+		if ($line =~ /\bstrncpy\s*\(/) {
+			WARN("STRNCPY",
+			     "Prefer strscpy, strscpy_pad, or __nonstring over strncpy - see: https://github.com/KSPP/linux/issues/90\n" . $herecurr);
+		}
+
 # typecasts on min/max could be min_t/max_t
 		if ($perl_version_ok &&
 		    defined $stat &&
@@ -6396,6 +7116,21 @@
 			}
 
 		} elsif ($realfile =~ /\.c$/ && defined $stat &&
+		    $stat =~ /^\+extern struct\s+(\w+)\s+(\w+)\[\];/)
+		{
+			my ($st_type, $st_name) = ($1, $2);
+
+			for my $s (keys %maybe_linker_symbol) {
+			    #print "Linker symbol? $st_name : $s\n";
+			    goto LIKELY_LINKER_SYMBOL
+				if $st_name =~ /$s/;
+			}
+			WARN("AVOID_EXTERNS",
+			     "found a file-scoped extern type:$st_type name:$st_name in .c file\n"
+			     . "is this a linker symbol ?\n" . $herecurr);
+		  LIKELY_LINKER_SYMBOL:
+
+		} elsif ($realfile =~ /\.c$/ && defined $stat &&
 		    $stat =~ /^.\s*extern\s+/)
 		{
 			WARN("AVOID_EXTERNS",
@@ -6463,14 +7198,16 @@
 			    "Prefer $3(sizeof(*$1)...) over $3($4...)\n" . $herecurr);
 		}
 
-# check for k[mz]alloc with multiplies that could be kmalloc_array/kcalloc
+# check for (kv|k)[mz]alloc with multiplies that could be kmalloc_array/kvmalloc_array/kvcalloc/kcalloc
 		if ($perl_version_ok &&
 		    defined $stat &&
-		    $stat =~ /^\+\s*($Lval)\s*\=\s*(?:$balanced_parens)?\s*(k[mz]alloc)\s*\(\s*($FuncArg)\s*\*\s*($FuncArg)\s*,/) {
+		    $stat =~ /^\+\s*($Lval)\s*\=\s*(?:$balanced_parens)?\s*((?:kv|k)[mz]alloc)\s*\(\s*($FuncArg)\s*\*\s*($FuncArg)\s*,/) {
 			my $oldfunc = $3;
 			my $a1 = $4;
 			my $a2 = $10;
 			my $newfunc = "kmalloc_array";
+			$newfunc = "kvmalloc_array" if ($oldfunc eq "kvmalloc");
+			$newfunc = "kvcalloc" if ($oldfunc eq "kvzalloc");
 			$newfunc = "kcalloc" if ($oldfunc eq "kzalloc");
 			my $r1 = $a1;
 			my $r2 = $a2;
@@ -6487,7 +7224,7 @@
 					 "Prefer $newfunc over $oldfunc with multiply\n" . $herectx) &&
 				    $cnt == 1 &&
 				    $fix) {
-					$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\b($Lval)\s*\=\s*(?:$balanced_parens)?\s*(k[mz]alloc)\s*\(\s*($FuncArg)\s*\*\s*($FuncArg)/$1 . ' = ' . "$newfunc(" . trim($r1) . ', ' . trim($r2)/e;
+					$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\b($Lval)\s*\=\s*(?:$balanced_parens)?\s*((?:kv|k)[mz]alloc)\s*\(\s*($FuncArg)\s*\*\s*($FuncArg)/$1 . ' = ' . "$newfunc(" . trim($r1) . ', ' . trim($r2)/e;
 				}
 			}
 		}
@@ -6501,7 +7238,7 @@
 		}
 
 # check for alloc argument mismatch
-		if ($line =~ /\b(kcalloc|kmalloc_array)\s*\(\s*sizeof\b/) {
+		if ($line =~ /\b((?:devm_)?((?:k|kv)?(calloc|malloc_array)(?:_node)?))\s*\(\s*sizeof\b/) {
 			WARN("ALLOC_ARRAY_ARGS",
 			     "$1 uses number as first arg, sizeof is generally wrong\n" . $herecurr);
 		}
@@ -6528,16 +7265,16 @@
 		}
 
 # check for IS_ENABLED() without CONFIG_<FOO> ($rawline for comments too)
-		if ($rawline =~ /\bIS_ENABLED\s*\(\s*(\w+)\s*\)/ && $1 !~ /^CONFIG_/) {
+		if ($rawline =~ /\bIS_ENABLED\s*\(\s*(\w+)\s*\)/ && $1 !~ /^${CONFIG_}/) {
 			WARN("IS_ENABLED_CONFIG",
-			     "IS_ENABLED($1) is normally used as IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_$1)\n" . $herecurr);
+			     "IS_ENABLED($1) is normally used as IS_ENABLED(${CONFIG_}$1)\n" . $herecurr);
 		}
 
 # check for #if defined CONFIG_<FOO> || defined CONFIG_<FOO>_MODULE
-		if ($line =~ /^\+\s*#\s*if\s+defined(?:\s*\(?\s*|\s+)(CONFIG_[A-Z_]+)\s*\)?\s*\|\|\s*defined(?:\s*\(?\s*|\s+)\1_MODULE\s*\)?\s*$/) {
+		if ($line =~ /^\+\s*#\s*if\s+defined(?:\s*\(?\s*|\s+)(${CONFIG_}[A-Z_]+)\s*\)?\s*\|\|\s*defined(?:\s*\(?\s*|\s+)\1_MODULE\s*\)?\s*$/) {
 			my $config = $1;
 			if (WARN("PREFER_IS_ENABLED",
-				 "Prefer IS_ENABLED(<FOO>) to CONFIG_<FOO> || CONFIG_<FOO>_MODULE\n" . $herecurr) &&
+				 "Prefer IS_ENABLED(<FOO>) to ${CONFIG_}<FOO> || ${CONFIG_}<FOO>_MODULE\n" . $herecurr) &&
 			    $fix) {
 				$fixed[$fixlinenr] = "\+#if IS_ENABLED($config)";
 			}
@@ -6667,12 +7404,14 @@
 
 # use of NR_CPUS is usually wrong
 # ignore definitions of NR_CPUS and usage to define arrays as likely right
+# ignore designated initializers using NR_CPUS
 		if ($line =~ /\bNR_CPUS\b/ &&
 		    $line !~ /^.\s*\s*#\s*if\b.*\bNR_CPUS\b/ &&
 		    $line !~ /^.\s*\s*#\s*define\b.*\bNR_CPUS\b/ &&
 		    $line !~ /^.\s*$Declare\s.*\[[^\]]*NR_CPUS[^\]]*\]/ &&
 		    $line !~ /\[[^\]]*\.\.\.[^\]]*NR_CPUS[^\]]*\]/ &&
-		    $line !~ /\[[^\]]*NR_CPUS[^\]]*\.\.\.[^\]]*\]/)
+		    $line !~ /\[[^\]]*NR_CPUS[^\]]*\.\.\.[^\]]*\]/ &&
+		    $line !~ /^.\s*\.\w+\s*=\s*.*\bNR_CPUS\b/)
 		{
 			WARN("NR_CPUS",
 			     "usage of NR_CPUS is often wrong - consider using cpu_possible(), num_possible_cpus(), for_each_possible_cpu(), etc\n" . $herecurr);
@@ -6691,6 +7430,27 @@
 			     "Using $1 should generally have parentheses around the comparison\n" . $herecurr);
 		}
 
+# return sysfs_emit(foo, fmt, ...) fmt without newline
+		if ($line =~ /\breturn\s+sysfs_emit\s*\(\s*$FuncArg\s*,\s*($String)/ &&
+		    substr($rawline, $-[6], $+[6] - $-[6]) !~ /\\n"$/) {
+			my $offset = $+[6] - 1;
+			if (WARN("SYSFS_EMIT",
+				 "return sysfs_emit(...) formats should include a terminating newline\n" . $herecurr) &&
+			    $fix) {
+				substr($fixed[$fixlinenr], $offset, 0) = '\\n';
+			}
+		}
+
+# check for array definition/declarations that should use flexible arrays instead
+		if ($sline =~ /^[\+ ]\s*\}(?:\s*__packed)?\s*;\s*$/ &&
+		    $prevline =~ /^\+\s*(?:\}(?:\s*__packed\s*)?|$Type)\s*$Ident\s*\[\s*(0|1)\s*\]\s*;\s*$/) {
+			if (ERROR("FLEXIBLE_ARRAY",
+				  "Use C99 flexible arrays - see https://docs.kernel.org/process/deprecated.html#zero-length-and-one-element-arrays\n" . $hereprev) &&
+			    $1 == '0' && $fix) {
+				$fixed[$fixlinenr - 1] =~ s/\[\s*0\s*\]/[]/;
+			}
+		}
+
 # nested likely/unlikely calls
 		if ($line =~ /\b(?:(?:un)?likely)\s*\(\s*!?\s*(IS_ERR(?:_OR_NULL|_VALUE)?|WARN)/) {
 			WARN("LIKELY_MISUSE",
@@ -6708,10 +7468,28 @@
 			}
 		}
 
-# check for mutex_trylock_recursive usage
-		if ($line =~ /mutex_trylock_recursive/) {
-			ERROR("LOCKING",
-			      "recursive locking is bad, do not use this ever.\n" . $herecurr);
+# Complain about RCU Tasks Trace used outside of BPF (and of course, RCU).
+		our $rcu_trace_funcs = qr{(?x:
+			rcu_read_lock_trace |
+			rcu_read_lock_trace_held |
+			rcu_read_unlock_trace |
+			call_rcu_tasks_trace |
+			synchronize_rcu_tasks_trace |
+			rcu_barrier_tasks_trace |
+			rcu_request_urgent_qs_task
+		)};
+		our $rcu_trace_paths = qr{(?x:
+			kernel/bpf/ |
+			include/linux/bpf |
+			net/bpf/ |
+			kernel/rcu/ |
+			include/linux/rcu
+		)};
+		if ($line =~ /\b($rcu_trace_funcs)\s*\(/) {
+			if ($realfile !~ m{^$rcu_trace_paths}) {
+				WARN("RCU_TASKS_TRACE",
+				     "use of RCU tasks trace is incorrect outside BPF or core RCU code\n" . $herecurr);
+			}
 		}
 
 # check for lockdep_set_novalidate_class
@@ -6855,6 +7633,13 @@
 				WARN("MODULE_LICENSE",
 				     "unknown module license " . $extracted_string . "\n" . $herecurr);
 			}
+			if (!$file && $extracted_string eq '"GPL v2"') {
+				if (WARN("MODULE_LICENSE",
+				     "Prefer \"GPL\" over \"GPL v2\" - see commit bf7fbeeae6db (\"module: Cure the MODULE_LICENSE \"GPL\" vs. \"GPL v2\" bogosity\")\n" . $herecurr) &&
+				    $fix) {
+					$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\bMODULE_LICENSE\s*\(\s*"GPL v2"\s*\)/MODULE_LICENSE("GPL")/;
+				}
+			}
 		}
 
 # check for sysctl duplicate constants
@@ -6876,7 +7661,7 @@
 		exit(0);
 	}
 
-	# This is not a patch, and we are are in 'no-patch' mode so
+	# This is not a patch, and we are in 'no-patch' mode so
 	# just keep quiet.
 	if (!$chk_patch && !$is_patch) {
 		exit(0);
@@ -6890,9 +7675,33 @@
 		if ($signoff == 0) {
 			ERROR("MISSING_SIGN_OFF",
 			      "Missing Signed-off-by: line(s)\n");
-		} elsif (!$authorsignoff) {
-			WARN("NO_AUTHOR_SIGN_OFF",
-			     "Missing Signed-off-by: line by nominal patch author '$author'\n");
+		} elsif ($authorsignoff != 1) {
+			# authorsignoff values:
+			# 0 -> missing sign off
+			# 1 -> sign off identical
+			# 2 -> names and addresses match, comments mismatch
+			# 3 -> addresses match, names different
+			# 4 -> names match, addresses different
+			# 5 -> names match, addresses excluding subaddress details (refer RFC 5233) match
+
+			my $sob_msg = "'From: $author' != 'Signed-off-by: $author_sob'";
+
+			if ($authorsignoff == 0) {
+				ERROR("NO_AUTHOR_SIGN_OFF",
+				      "Missing Signed-off-by: line by nominal patch author '$author'\n");
+			} elsif ($authorsignoff == 2) {
+				CHK("FROM_SIGN_OFF_MISMATCH",
+				    "From:/Signed-off-by: email comments mismatch: $sob_msg\n");
+			} elsif ($authorsignoff == 3) {
+				WARN("FROM_SIGN_OFF_MISMATCH",
+				     "From:/Signed-off-by: email name mismatch: $sob_msg\n");
+			} elsif ($authorsignoff == 4) {
+				WARN("FROM_SIGN_OFF_MISMATCH",
+				     "From:/Signed-off-by: email address mismatch: $sob_msg\n");
+			} elsif ($authorsignoff == 5) {
+				WARN("FROM_SIGN_OFF_MISMATCH",
+				     "From:/Signed-off-by: email subaddress mismatch: $sob_msg\n");
+			}
 		}
 	}